| 摘要: |
| 【目的】检测不同甜瓜品种萌发期和幼苗期对盐碱胁迫的响应，筛选出适宜在盐碱土壤种植的甜瓜品种，从而为甜瓜抗逆栽培和抗性育种提供依据。【方法】以50 mmol/L的混合盐碱溶液（NaCl、Na2SO4、NaHCO3、Na2CO3物质的量比为9∶1∶1∶9，pH=10.80）模拟典型盐碱胁迫环境，萌发期在人工气候箱中用盐碱溶液或蒸馏水（CK）培养不同品种甜瓜种子，7 d时测定发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、胚根长、胚根鲜质量、丙二醛含量和脯氨酸含量；对5叶1心的甜瓜幼苗以盐碱溶液胁迫处理7 d后，测定甜瓜幼苗的地上部鲜质量、根鲜质量、主根长、叶面积和叶绿素含量等指标。通过方差、主成分分析对20个甜瓜品种萌发期和苗期的耐盐碱性进行综合评定。【结果】盐碱胁迫下，萌发期甜瓜种子发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、胚根长、胚根鲜质量均明显下降，丙二醛和脯氨酸含量升高；幼苗期地上部鲜质量、根鲜质量、主根长、叶面积和叶绿素含量均呈下降趋势。通过综合评价可知，不同甜瓜品种在不同生育期耐盐碱性存在差异，将 20个甜瓜品种按耐盐碱性强弱分为3大类。【结论】综合不同生育期评价结果，筛选出相对稳定的耐盐碱品种有“凌甜一号”、“白香蜜”、“陕甜一号”和“金辉一号”，相对稳定的盐碱敏感品种有“凌甜四号”与“一品天下208”，相对稳定的中等耐盐碱品种有“陕甜三号”、“雪莲”、“白玉香”、“贵妃雪蜜”、“瑞雪新早蜜”和“景甜208”。 |
| 关键词: 甜瓜 盐碱胁迫 萌发期 幼苗期 主成分分析 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目（2014BAD14B006，2011BAD12B03，2011BAD29B01）；国家星火计划项目（2012GA850001-1）；西北农林科技大学校基金项目(QN2013018) |
|
| Salt-alkaline tolerance of melon (Cucumis melo L.) at germinating and seedling stages |
|
XU Zhi-ran,ZHAO Jiu-zhou,HU Xiao-hui,et al
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study detected the response of different melon cultivars at germination and seedling stages to salt-alkali stress,aiming to provide basis for stress tolerance and resistance breeding.【Method】Mixed salt-alkaline solution (molar ratio of NaCl∶Na2SO4∶NaHCO3∶Na2CO3= 9∶1∶1∶9,and pH=10.80) with concentration of 50 mmol/L was used to simulate the typical salt alkaline stress environment.During germination period,seeds of different melon varieties were treated with salt-alkaline solution or distilled water (CK) in climatic chamber for 7 days and germination rate,germination index,vigor index,radicle length,radicle fresh weight,proline content and MDA content were measured.The melon seedlings with five leaves at seedling stage were treated with salt-alkaline solution for 7 days before shoot fresh weight,root fresh weight,taproot length,leaf area,and chlorophyll content were measured.Variance and principal component analysis were used to comprehensive evaluate the salt-alkaline tolerance of 20 melon cultivars at germination and seedling stages.【Result】Under salt-alkaline stress,germination rate,germination index,vigor index,radicle length and radicle fresh weight significantly decreased,while contents of MDA and proline increased at germination stage.The shoot fresh weight,root fresh weight,root length,leaf area and chlorophyll content decreased at seedling stage.Comprehensive evaluation showed that the salt-alkaline tolerances of melon cultivars at different growth stages were different and the 20 melon cultivars could be divided into three categories.【Conclusion】Based on the results at different growth stages,Lingtian No.1,Baixiangmi,Shantian No.1 and Jinhui No.1 had stable and strong tolerance against salt-alkaline stress,Lingtian No.4 and Yipintianxia 208 were steadily salt-alkaline sensitive,and Shantian No.3,Xuelian,Baiyuxiang,Guifeixuemi,Ruixuexinzaomi and Jingtian 208 had stable medium tolerance. |
| Key words: melon salt-alkaline stress germination stage seedling stage principal component analysis |
