| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确墨兰品种健叶与感染胶孢炭疽菌病叶的叶片表面结构及氨基酸含量的变化，为墨兰品种抗病性利用提供理论依据。【方法】以中感墨兰品种太平洋为样本，利用扫描电镜观察感染胶孢炭疽菌墨兰叶片表面超微结构的变化；以不同感病水平墨兰品种金华山(低感品种)、太平洋(中感品种)和万代福(高感品种)为样本，利用氨基酸自动分析仪检测感病墨兰叶片除色氨酸外其余17种氨基酸含量的变化。【结果】中感墨兰品种太平洋感染胶孢炭疽菌后，叶片表面超微结构发生明显改变，蜡质层破裂，表皮细胞受损，气孔功能渐失，严重影响叶片功能与整体观感。3种不同感病水平的墨兰品种感染胶孢炭疽菌后，氨基酸种类未发生改变，但总氨基酸含量均明显提高，其中以低感墨兰品种金华山提高最多，高感墨兰品种万代福提高最少，3个品种间差异显著；各种氨基酸在不同感病水平墨兰品种间的变化量差异显著，甲硫氨酸（Met）在高感墨兰品种中变化量最大，胱氨酸（Cys）在中感墨兰品种中变化量最大，天门冬氨酸（Asp）、组氨酸（His）和赖氨酸（Lys）在高感与低感墨兰品种中变化量较大，甘氨酸（Gly）和苏氨酸（Thr）在中感与低感墨兰品种中变化量较大，其他10种氨基酸则均在低感墨兰品种中变化量最大；丙氨酸（Ala）、谷氨酸（Glu）、苯丙氨酸（Phe）、缬草氨酸（Val）、丝氨酸（Ser）、精氨酸（Arg）和苏氨酸（Thr）7种氨基酸是影响墨兰品种感病强弱的主要氨基酸种类。【结论】胶孢炭疽菌侵染影响墨兰品种叶片表面结构和氨基酸含量，营养物质变化量与墨兰品种感病水平高低有关。 |
| 关键词: 墨兰 胶孢炭疽菌 叶片表面结构 氨基酸含量 |
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| 基金项目:国家国际科技合作专项(2013DFA31830-2)；福建省农业科技重大专项(2010NZ0003-2-3，2013NZ0002-4-7)；福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项（2011R1026-7）；福建省农业科学院科技创新团队项目(CXTD-2-1313) |
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| Comparison of surface ultrastructure and amino acid contents in healthy and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides infected leaves of Cymbidium sinense cultivars |
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YAO Jin-ai,YU De-yi,HUANG Peng,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The objective of this study was to confirm the changes of surface ultrastructure and amino acid contents in healthy and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides infected leaves of Cymbidium sinense cultivars,and to improve the utilization of disease resistant C.sinense cultivars.【Method】Surface ultrastructure of leaves of moderately susceptible cultivar C.sinense cv.‘Taipingyang’ was observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM).Amino acid contents in leaves of slightly susceptible cultivar C.sinense cv.‘Jinhuashan’,moderately susceptible cultivar C.sinense cv.‘Taipingyang’ and highly susceptible cultivar C.sinense cv.‘Wandaifu’ were detected by automatic amino acid analyzer. 【Result】Under the stress of C.gloeosporioides,surface ultrastructure of C.sinense leaves changed significantly,including the rupture of wax layers,damages to epidermal cells and loss of stoma functions.Varieties of amino acids were not changed,but the total contents of amino acids increased obviously in diseased leaves,the increase in slightly susceptible cultivar C.sinense cv.‘Jinhuashan’ was the most followed by moderately susceptible cultivar C.sinense cv.‘Taipingyang’ and highly susceptible cultivar C.sinense cv.‘Wandaifu’.Contents of different amino acids changed at various degrees in different C.sinense cultivars.For example,methionine (Met) and cystine (Cys) levels increased most in cv.‘Wandaifu’ and cv.‘Taipingyang’,respectively,Aspartic (Asp),histidine (His) and lysine (Lys) levels increased most in cv.‘Wandaifu’ and cv.‘Jinhuashan’,glycine (Gly) and threonine (Thr) levels increased most in cv.‘Taipingyang’ and cv.‘Jinhuashan’,and contents of the other ten amino acids changed most in cv.‘Jinhuashan’.In addition,seven amino acids including alanine (Ala),glutamic acid (Glu),phenylalanine (Phe),valerian glycine (Val),serine (Ser),arginine (Arg) and threonine (Thr) mainly affected the susceptibility of C.sinense cultivars to C.gloeosporioides.【Conclusion】Surface ultrastructure and amino acid contents in C.sinense leaves were affected by C.gloeosporioides infection,and their changing levels were closely related to the susceptibility of different cultivars. |
| Key words: Cymbidium sinense Colletotrichum gloeosporioides surface ultrastructure of leaves amino acids |
