| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究大豆抗原蛋白大豆球蛋白（Glycinin）对鲤稚鱼、幼鱼肠道组织的影响。【方法】分别以初始体质量为(10.12±0.08) g/尾的鲤稚鱼、(116.89±0.13) g/尾的鲤幼鱼为试验对象，在控温单循环养殖系统中进行饲养试验。以鱼粉为动物蛋白源，混合油脂(m(玉米油)∶m(鱼油)=1∶1)为脂肪源，糊精、面粉作为饲料糖源，分别配制成5种等氮(鲤稚鱼和幼鱼饲料粗蛋白含量分别约为400和360 g/kg)等能(总能分别约为16.9和15.2 MJ/kg)的半精制饲料，其中大豆抗原蛋白Glycinin的添加量分别为0(对照)，30，60，90，120 g/kg。每组饲料设3个重复，进行为期8周的饲养试验。饲养试验结束后，采用组织学方法，探讨大豆抗原蛋白Glycinin对鲤稚鱼、幼鱼肠道组织的影响。【结果】在本试验条件下，大豆抗原蛋白Glyicinin添加量为30，60，90，120 g/kg组的鲤稚鱼中肠和后肠皱襞高度显著低于对照组(P＜0.05)；而前肠皱襞高度、肠质量、肠长、肠体指数和肠长指数在各组之间差异不显著(P＞0.05)。随着大豆抗原蛋白Glycinin添加量的增加，鲤幼鱼前肠、中肠和后肠皱襞高度呈下降趋势。其中，大豆抗原蛋白Glyicinin的添加量为60，90，120 g/kg组鲤幼鱼后肠皱襞高度、肠质量显著低于对照组(P＜0.05)；而Glyicinin的添加量为120 g/kg组鲤幼鱼肠长和肠长指数显著低于对照组(P＜0.05)；前肠和中肠皱襞高度在各组之间差异不显著(P＞0.05)。从肠道形态变化来看，当Glyicinin添加量为60 g/kg时，鲤稚鱼肠绒毛开始出现局部断裂或破损；当Glyicinin添加量为90和120 g/kg时肠道组织形态进一步被破坏，中肠和后肠受到Glycinin的影响较严重。当Glyicinin添加量为60 g/kg时，鲤幼鱼肌层开始出现变薄的现象；当Glyicinin添加量为90和120 g/kg时，肠道形态受到的影响较显著，绒毛出现断裂或者缺失。【结论】当鲤稚鱼饲料中大豆抗原蛋白Glyicinin的添加量为30 g/kg时，就会引起中肠和后肠皱襞高度下降；而当Glyicinin的添加量为60 g/kg时会引起鲤幼鱼后肠皱襞高度下降，同时鲤稚鱼和鲤幼鱼肠道形态开始出现不同程度的破坏。 |
| 关键词: 大豆抗原蛋白 鲤 稚鱼 幼鱼 肠道组织 大豆球蛋白 |
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| 基金项目:吉林省自然科学基金项目(20101577)；吉林省教育厅资助项目(2012043) |
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| Effects of soybean antigen protein Glycinin on intestinal tissues of larval and juvenile common carps |
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WU Li-fang,XING Xiu-ping,LAI Hong-e,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effects of soybean antigen protein Glycinin on intestinal tissues of larval and juvenile common carps were investigated in this study. 【Method】The larval and juvenile common carps with the initial weights of (10.12 ± 0.08) g and (116.89±0.13) g were kept in single recirculating system with controlled temperature.The same semi-refined isonitrogenous (crude protein contents were 400 and 360 g/kg,respectively) and isocaloric (total energy values were 16.9 and 15.2 MJ/kg,respectively) diets were fed to the common carps.Fish meal was used as animal protein,mixed oil (m(coin oil)∶m(fish oil)=1∶1) was used as fat source,and dextrin and flour were used as sugar source.The larval and juvenile common carps were divided into 5 treatments with 3 replicates each.The treatments were fed with 0 (the control),30,60,90,and 120 g/kg of soybean antigen protein Glycinin,respectively.The experiment last for 8 weeks.The effects of soybean antigen protein Glycinin on intestinal tissues of larval and juvenile common carps were investigated using the histological method.【Result】 The fold heights of midgut and hindgut of larval common carp in treatment groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05),while there were no significant differences in the fold heights of foregut,intestine weight,length of intestine,intestine body weight index and intestine length index (P>0.05).The fold heights of foregut,midgut and hindgut of juvenile common carps decreased with the increase of soybean antigen protein Glycinin content.The fold height of hindgut and weight of intestine of the juvenile common carps in treatment groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).The intestine length and intestine length index of the juvenile common carps treated with 120 g/kg soybean antigen protein Glycinin were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the fold heights of foregut and midgut (P>0.05).From the view of changes in intestinal morphology,the intestinal villi of larval common carps were partial broken or damaged when the content of soybean antigen protein Glycinin was 60 g/kg,while the phenomenon became worse when with the contents of soybean antigen protein Glycinin were 90 and 120 g/kg,especially for midgut and hindgut.The muscular layer of intestine of juvenile common carps appeared to be thinner when the content of soybean antigen protein Glycinin was 60 g/kg,and the intestinal morphology changed more seriously (broken or missing villi) when the contents of soybean antigen protein Glycinin were 90 and 120 g/kg.【Conclusion】The fold heights of midgut and hindgut of larval common carps started to decrease when treated with 30 g/kg soybean antigen protein Glycinin,while the fold height of hindgut of juvenile common carp decreased when treated with 60 g/kg soybean antigen protein Glycinin.The intestinal morphology of larval and juvenile common carps appeared to be damaged when the content of Glycinin was 60 g/kg. |
| Key words: soybean antigen protein Cyprinus carpio larval common carp juvenile common carp intestinal tissue Glycinin |
