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醋酸铅对小鼠的急性毒性效应
孙相和1, 宁红梅1, 李 冲,等1
河南科技学院 动物科学学院
摘要:
【目的】研究醋酸铅对小鼠的急性毒性效应,以明确铅的毒性作用机制及其作用的靶器官。【方法】对小鼠经口灌胃不同剂量醋酸铅溶液,利用Bliss法检测醋酸铅的半数致死剂量(LD50)。将小鼠随机分为对照组、低铅组、中铅组和高铅组,分别饮用含醋酸铅0(对照组),2.4(低铅组),4.8(中铅组)和9.6(高铅组) mmol/L的去离子水9 d,记录饮毒0和9 d时小鼠的体质量,于处理后10 d采集小鼠大脑、心脏、肺、肝脏、脾脏和肾脏,称其质量,计算脏器指数并进行病理组织学检查。【结果】醋酸铅对小鼠的LD50为10 562 mg/kg。小鼠体质量随醋酸铅剂量的增加变化不明显。与对照组相比,低铅组小鼠肾脏指数显著增加(P<0.05),中铅组和高铅组小鼠肾脏指数极显著增加(P<0.01);醋酸铅处理组与对照组其余脏器指数差异均不显著(P>0.05)。经醋酸铅处理后,小鼠各组织均有病变发生,其中高铅组小鼠各组织病变尤为严重。【结论】醋酸铅属于低毒物质,对小鼠大脑、心脏、肺、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏均具有一定的急性毒性效应,且小鼠病理组织变化明显。
关键词:  醋酸铅  小鼠  毒性效应  Bliss法
DOI:
分类号:
基金项目:河南省基础与前沿项目(132300410353);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师资助计划项目(2011GGJS-134,2010GGJS-136)
Acute toxic effects of lead acetate on mice
SUN Xiang-he,NING Hong-mei,LI Chong,et al
Abstract:
【Objective】This study aimed to investigate the acute toxic effects of lead acetate on mice so as to ensure the mechanism and target organs of lead acetate on mice.【Method】Mice were orally administered with different dosages of lead acetate to detect the median lethal dose (LD50) by Bliss method.Then,mice were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed with deionized water solutions with different doses of lead acetate (0 mmol/L (control group),2.4 mmol/L (low dosage group),4.8 mmol/L (median dosage group),and 9.6 mmol/L (high dosage group)) for 9 days.The weights of mice were recorded on the 0th day and the 9th day,and cerebrums,hearts,lungs,livers,spleens,kidneys of mice were collected and weighed.The organ relative indexes were calculated,and histopathological examination was conducted as well.【Result】The LD50 of lead acetate to mice was 10 562 mg/kg.The body weight gain of mice was not significantly related to the dosage of lead acetate.Compared to the control group,kidney relative index of mice increased significantly in low dosage group (P<0.05),and increased highly significantly in the other two dosage groups (P<0.01).The relative indexes of the rest organs were not significantly different between the control group and dosage groups (P>0.05).The tissues of mice in dosage groups had pathological changes,especially in the high dosage group.【Conclusion】Lead acetate had low intensity toxic to mice.It had certain acute toxic effects on tissues of mice,and the histopathological changes were particularly significant.
Key words:  lead acetate  mice  toxic effect  Bliss method