| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究腐熟剂对鸡粪堆肥过程中堆料理化性质的影响，为畜禽粪便的工厂化处理提供参考。【方法】以取自郑州某养鸡场的鸡粪为供试材料，设计腐熟剂组（堆肥中添加了腐熟剂，其活菌数为2×1010 CFU/g）和正常堆肥发酵组（对照组，未添加腐熟剂）2个处理，测定发酵过程（0～40 d）中2个处理鸡粪堆肥的温度、含水率、pH值、C/N和NH4+-N含量，并采用种子发芽指数对堆肥腐熟的毒害性进行评估，然后对发酵结束后2个处理鸡粪堆肥的养分含量进行测定。【结果】腐熟剂组鸡粪堆肥升温速度快，高温维持时间长；水分蒸发快，腐熟后的鸡粪含水率明显下降；发酵结束时，堆肥pH值维持在有利于微生物发酵的弱碱性环境。在发酵过程中，腐熟剂组的C/N在第20 天时已小于20，达到腐熟。在发酵第35天时，腐熟剂组种子发芽指数达到80%，明显高于对照组。发酵结束时，腐熟剂组的堆肥臭味减轻，养分含量高于对照组。【结论】利用腐熟剂可以提高鸡粪堆肥发酵效率，减少堆肥养分的流失及对环境的污染。 |
| 关键词: 鸡粪 腐熟剂 无害化发酵 有机肥 |
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| 基金项目:河南省世行贷款生态畜牧业项目（P100455） |
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| Effects of decomposing inoculants on material changes in chicken manure decomposition |
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YUE Min-jie,SHI Yuan-yuan,JIANG Rui-rui,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Obiective】This study investigated the effects of decomposition agents on physicochemical properties of materials during chicken manure compost.【Methed】Two treatments,decomposing inoculums group (decomposing microbial inoculums with a viable count of 2×1010 CFU/g were added) and normal decomposing group (control group),were allocated in the experiment.Temperature,moisture content,pH value,C/N ratio and ammoniated nitrogen content of chicken manure compost were determined during the composting processing.The seed germination index was used to assess compost maturity toxicity.Subsequently,the nutrient contents of each group were measured after composting.【Result】The temperature of the decomposing inoculums group increased faster than that of the control,and maintained a high level.Besides,water evaporated faster in the decomposing inoculums group,and the manure water content significantly decreased after composting.Moreover,the chicken manure compost maintained a weak alkaline environment,which was beneficial for the microbial at the end of the composting.When the C/N ratio of the decomposing inoculums group declined to 20 at the 20th day and the composted chicken faeces matured.The seed germination index reached 80% at the 35th day,which was significantly higher than that of the control.Compared to the control,odors of the decomposing inoculums group faded,while the nutrient concentrations increased.【Conclusion】The decomposing inoculants increased the composting efficiency of chicken manure,while reduced the nutrition nutrient loss and environmental contamination during composting. |
| Key words: chicken manure decomposing inoculants detoxification ferments organic fertilizer |
