| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨施用复合肥、腐植酸液肥对苋菜重金属富集和转运的影响，以期为蔬菜重金属污染治理提供更多数据支持。【方法】以“红圆叶”苋菜为供试品种，以清水组为对照组，分别用复合肥、腐植酸液肥1号和2号于播种前处理土壤0，1和2次，播种后第7，14和21天分别再施用1次，检测种植前后土壤以及苋菜可食部和根部的铅、镉、汞、砷含量，分别对土壤和苋菜的重金属污染情况进行评价，采用富集系数（BCFs）和转运系数（TFs）评价苋菜富集土壤重金属和重金属由根部向可食部转运的能力。【结果】试验前部分处理土壤铅、砷含量和所有处理土壤镉含量超过国家蔬菜土壤限量标准，试验后各处理土壤镉含量仍超过国家蔬菜土壤限量标准。苋菜整体铅含量仅少数处理符合国家叶菜类限量标准；苋菜可食部和根部镉、无机砷含量均符合国家叶菜类限量标准；在检出限范围内，苋菜中未检出汞。复合肥组、腐植酸液肥1号组、腐植酸液肥2号组苋菜铅BCFs均值分别为0.025±0.016，0.013±0.011，0.006±0.003，苋菜铅TFs均值分别为6.18±1.87，2.22±1.75，0.95±0.40，三者之间均差异显著（P<0.05）。【结论】试验菜地镉元素虽超过土壤限量标准，但未导致苋菜镉含量超过叶菜类限量标准，可能与该苋菜品种类型有关。施用复合肥提高了苋菜富集铅的能力，且铅主要存留于苋菜可食部；施用腐植酸液肥可降低苋菜对铅的富集作用，将部分铅有效地阻滞于根部。 |
| 关键词: 复合肥 腐植酸液肥 苋菜 重金属 富集与转运 |
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| 基金项目:葛林美（苏州）农业科技有限公司科研项目 |
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| Effects of compound fertilizer and humic acid liquid fertilizer amendments on heavy metal accumulation and translocation in Amaranthus mangostanus L. |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of compound fertilizer and humic acid liquid fertilizer amendments on heavy metal accumulation and translocation in amaranth,and to improve heavy metal pollution control.【Method】Amaranth was used as experimental subject,clean water was selected as control group and planting soil was treated 0,1 and 2 times with compound fertilizer,humic acid liquid fertilizer No.1 and No.2 before sowing,respectively.Compound fertilizer,humic acid liquid fertilizer No.1 and No.2 was applied three more times at the 7th,14th,21th day after sowing,respectively.The contents of Pb,Cd,Hg,and As in edible parts and roots of amaranth as well as planting soil before and after experiment were detected.Soil and amaranth were assessed according to national standards.Bioaccumulation factors (BCFs) and translocation factors (TFs) were adopted to evaluate the ability of accumulation and translocation of heavy metal in amaranth.【Result】Before experiment,soil Pb and As concentrations exceeded national standard limits in some treatments.Soil Cd content exceeded the limited standards in all treatments before and after experiment.Cd and inorganic As concentrations in amaranth,of all treatment were less than national limited standard.Only Pb contents of treatments A,E,and H meet national standards and Hg was not detected in amaranth.The average BCFs of amaranth Pb in compound fertilizer group,humic acid liquid fertilizer No.1 group and No.2 group were 0.025±0.016,0.013±0.011,and 0.006±0.003,respectively and the average TFs were 6.18±1.87,2.22±1.75,and 0.95±0.40,respectively.The differences among groups were statistically significant (P<0.05).【Conclusion】Soil Cd contents exceeded the national limited standards and amaranth Cd contents meeted national standards,which may be associated with amaranth cultivars.Applying compound fertilizer improved the ability of Pb accumulation in amaranth,and Pb mainly distributed in edible part.Utilization of humic acid liquid fertilizer weakened the capacity of Pb accumulation in amaranth,and part of Pb was effectively blocked in amaranth root. |
| Key words: compound fertilizer humic acid liquid fertilizer amaranth heavy metal accumulation and translocation |
