| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨对硝基苯酚对泥鳅肝组织结构和丙氨酸转氨酶活性的影响，为评价酚类化合物对水生生物的毒害作用提供理论依据。【方法】根据预试验确定的对硝基苯酚对泥鳅的安全浓度和最小不致死浓度，按等对数（常用对数）间距将对硝基苯酚设置为4.40，5.13，5.98，6.98 mg/L，以对硝基苯酚未处理组为对照，分别在泥鳅染毒7，14，21，28 d 取样，采用 HE 染色法观察肝组织结构的变化，采用赖氏比色法测定丙氨酸转氨酶活性的变化。【结果】泥鳅在6.98 mg/L 对硝基苯酚中暴露14 d，肝细胞发生空泡化、细胞溶解及核变形；暴露28 d，肝细胞除严重空泡化、细胞溶解及核变形外，还出现核溶解等受损症状；与对照组相比，除6.98 mg/L 28 d 时丙氨酸转氨酶活性下降外，其他各质量浓度组在暴露各个时期泥鳅肝脏丙氨酸转氨酶活性均升高，但随着对硝基苯酚质量浓度的增大，丙氨酸转氨酶活性逐渐降低。在同一对硝基苯酚质量浓度下，随着暴露时间的延长，丙氨酸转氨酶活性呈现先升高后降低的趋势。【结论】对硝基苯酚可造成泥鳅肝组织结构损伤，且受损程度随质量浓度的增大而加剧；对硝基苯酚可诱导泥鳅肝脏丙氨酸转氨酶的活性，但诱导作用随着质量浓度的增大而逐渐减弱，随暴露时间的延长先增强后减弱、直至抑制。 |
| 关键词: 对硝基苯酚 泥鳅 肝组织 丙氨酸转氨酶 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31240076)；陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2012JM3012)；陕西省教育厅科学研究项目（2013JK0710）；延安市科学技术研究发展计划项目（2012KS-15）；陕西省高水平大学建设专项资金资助项目(2012SXTS03)；生态学陕西省重点学科专项 |
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| Effects of p-nitrophenol on hepatic tissue structure and ALT activities in Misgurnus anguillicaudatus |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This paper studied the effects of p-nitrophenol (PNP) on hepatic histopathology and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities in Misgurnus anguillicaudatus.【Method】According to the safe concentration and the minimal non-lethal concentration of PNP to Misgurnus anguillicaudatus obtained from preliminary tests,four mass concentrations of PNP (4.40,5.13,5.98 and 6.98 mg/L) were set up,respectively,and the hepatic tissue of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus at 7,14,21 and 28 d were observed using HE method and ALT activities were determined using Lai’s colorimetric method.【Result】The hepatic cells exposed to 6.98 mg/L PNP become bubbled,and experienced lysis and nucleus deformation at 14 d,and additional karyolysis was observed at 28 d.ALT activities exposed to PNP with same concentrations increased significantly except for 6.98 mg/L at 28 d.However,ALT activities decreased as the increase of exposure concentrations,and ALT activities showed decrease after initially increase compared to CK.【Conclusion】PNP damaged hepatic structure of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus and the damages aggravated as the increase of exposure concentrations.PNP also induced the activity of hepatic ALT,but the induction weakened as the increase of exposure concentrations,and decreased after initial increase. |
| Key words: p-nitrophenol Misgurnus anguillicaudatus liver tissue ALT |
