| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究氮肥基施与追施比例对烤烟叶片色素含量、光合特性及氮代谢关键酶活性的影响，为提高烟株氮肥利用率提供参考。【方法】以“云烟87”为试验材料，以不施氮肥为对照（CK），研究氮肥不同基施与追施比例（T1.全部氮肥作基肥；T2.氮肥80%作基肥，20%作追肥；T3.氮肥60%作基肥，40%作追肥）对烟株色素含量、光合特性及氮代谢关键酶活性的影响。【结果】增加氮肥追施比例能提高后期烤烟叶片的叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量。在烤烟整个生育期，施氮处理的烟叶净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）和蒸腾速率（Tr）均基本表现为随氮肥追施比例的提高而增大，且均高于对照；胞间二氧化碳浓度（Ci）在烤烟整个生育期以T3处理最高。移栽后45 d，T1处理的硝酸还原酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性最高；移栽后60～75 d，硝酸还原酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性基本随着氮肥追施比例的增大而增加。【结论】追施氮肥保证了烟株后期生长对氮肥的同化能力，改善了烟株的光合特性，其中氮肥60%作基肥，40%作追肥为最佳施氮模式。 |
| 关键词: 烤烟 氮肥 基追肥比例 光合特性 氮代谢 |
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| 基金项目:浓香型特色优质烟叶开发重大专项（Ts-01-2011005） |
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| Effects of ratio between basal nitrogen and top-dressing on photosynthetic characteristics and activities of key enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】To improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer,the investigation on the effects of ratio between basal nitrogen and top-dressing on pigment content and photosynthetic characteristics and activities of key enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism in flue-cured tobacco leaves was conducted.【Method】Using ‘Yunyan 87’ as experimental material and with no nitrogen application as control,the effects of ratio between basal nitrogen and top-dressing on pigment content and photosynthetic characteristics and activities of key enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism were conducted.【Result】Dressing nitrogen was helpful to improve the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid and photosynthetic efficiency,and promote material accumulation of tobacco plant.The activities of the nitratase and glutamine synthetase raised as the increase of fertilizer application at later growth stage of tobacco plant.【Conclusion】Increasing fertilizer application guaranteed assimilative capacity of tobacco plant to nitrogenous fertilizer,and improved photosynthetic characteristics of tobacco.Compared with other treatments,60% nitrogenous fertilizer as basal nitrogen,40% as top-dressing was the best one. |
| Key words: flue-cured tobacco nitrogen ratio between basal fertilizer and top dressing photosynthetic characteristics nitrogen metabolism |
