| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同生育时期亏水对河西地区春玉米生长、产量和水分利用的影响。【方法】以春玉米东单11号为试验材料，设置4个不同灌水处理(全生育时期灌水(4个生育时期均灌水,CK)、拔节期不灌水(I1)、抽雄期不灌水(I2)、灌浆成熟期不灌水(I3)), 研究不同生育时期亏水对春玉米株高、叶面积、地上部干物质、产量和水分利用效率的影响。【结果】与CK相比较，任一生育时期不灌水处理都会造成春玉米株高、叶面积、地上部干物质累积量、产量降低，其中I1处理对株高和干物质累积量影响显著，最高分别较对照降低了11.59%和16.10%；I3处理对春玉米叶面积影响显著，最高降低了24.61%；与CK相比较，I3处理灌溉水利用效率最高，较CK增加幅度最大，达23.77%；不同生育时期不灌水处理对春玉米的产量及其构成因素都有显著影响，其中I2处理对产量影响最大，最大降幅为24.45%，而I3处理对产量没有显著影响。【结论】与全生育时期灌水相比较，灌浆期不灌水不仅对春玉米产量没有显著影响，还可大幅度提高水分利用效率。 |
| 关键词: 春玉米 河西地区 地上部干物质累积 水分利用效率 籽粒产量 |
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| 基金项目:国家“十二五”计划“863”项目(2011AA100504)；国家自然科学基金项目(50879073)；高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(B12007) |
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| Effect of water deficit at different growth stages on growth, yield and water use of spring maize in Hexi area |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The paper studied the effect of irrigation at different growth stages on growth,yield and water use of spring maize in Hexi area.【Method】With Dongdan 11 as test material,irrigation at different growth stages(full irrigation(CK),no irrigation at jointing(I1),tassel(I2),milky and mature(I3))were carried out in field plot experiments to study effect of water deficit at different growth stages on growth,plant height,leaf area,dry matter accumulation aboveground and water use efficiency.【Result】Compared with CK,no irrigation in any of the growth stages reduced plant height,leaf area,dry matter accumulation aboveground,and grain yield of spring maize.At jointing stage,I1 treatment had the greatest impact on plant height and dry matter accumulation aboveground,maximum reductions of plant height,and dry matter accumulation aboveground were 11.59% and 16.10%,respectively.At filling stage,I3 had the greatest impact on leaf area,reduced it by up to 24.61%.Compared with the CK,I3 treatment had the highest water use efficiency,23.77% higher than CK.Compared with the CK,at heading stage,I2 had the greatest decrease on grain yield by a factor of 24.45% while I3 treatment did not significantly reduce production.【Conclusion】It was found that no irrigation at filling stage(I3)improved water use efficiency without significantly reducing production. |
| Key words: spring maize Hexi area dry matter accumulation of aboveground water use efficiency grain yield |
