| 摘要: |
| 【目的】对比分析了真空耦合超声提取茶多酚效果的影响因素及机理，优化了茶多酚的提取工艺。【方法】以茶叶为提取原料，利用真空技术和超声波辅助浸提相结合提取茶叶中多酚类物质，研究乙醇体积分数、超声功率、料液比、提取时间、提取温度以及真空度等工艺条件对茶多酚提取效果的影响，并在单因素试验的基础上，通过响应面法优化真空耦合超声提取茶多酚的最佳工艺条件。【结果】单因素试验结果表明，乙醇体积分数为70%，提取时间为15 min，提取温度为70 ℃时茶多酚提取率最高，超声波功率、料液比、真空度对茶多酚的提取率影响较小，综合考虑确定适宜的超声波功率、料液比、真空度分别为420 W，1∶15，0.7 MPa；响应面法优化得到真空耦合超声提取茶多酚的最佳工艺条件为，乙醇体积分数65%，提取时间13 min，提取温度65 ℃，在此条件下茶多酚的提取率为22.44%。同时在各自最佳提取条件下对比了常规回流法、抽真空 回流法、超声法、真空耦合超声法4种提取方式的提取效果，结果表明抽真空 回流法、超声法、真空耦合超声法3种提取方式的提取率均达到了22%以上，其中真空耦合超声法的提取时间缩短1/2。【结论】真空耦合技术可以有效缩短茶多酚提取时间，提高了单位时间内的提取效率 。 |
| 关键词: 茶多酚 真空耦合超声提取 提取工艺优化 响应面法 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:陕西省科技攻关项目(2009K01-20) |
|
| Extraction of tea polyphenols by ultrasonic-vacuum technology |
|
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study analyzed the factors that affect the extraction of tea polyphenols by ultrasonic-vacuum technology and the extraction process was optimized.【Method】Ultrasonic and vacuum technology was used to extract polyphenols from raw tea.The ethanol volume fraction,ultrasonic power,ratio of solution to solid,extracting time,extracting temperature and vacuum degree were researched.Based on single factor experiments,the best conditions were obtained using response surface methodology.【Result】The results of single factor experiments showed that the highest extraction ratio was obtained when ethanol volume fraction,extracting time and temperature were 70%,15 min,and 70 ℃,respectively.The effects of ultrasonic power,ratio of solution to solid,and vacuum to the extraction process were lesser.The optimal ultrasonic power,ratio of solution to solid,and vacuum were 420 W,1∶15,and 0.7 MPa,respectively.Best extraction time,ethanol volume fraction,and temperature were 13 min,65%,and 65 ℃ by response surface methodology and the yield of tea polyphenols was 22.44%.Compared to reflux method,vacuum-reflux method,and ultrasonic method,vacuum-ultrasonic method reduced the extraction time by half.【Conclusion】The technology can effectively shorten the extraction time and improve the extraction efficiency. |
| Key words: polyphenols ultrasonic-vacuum extraction optimisation of extracting process response surface methodology |
