| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨野生扁桃和普通扁桃对低温的适应能力，观察不同扁桃种的抗寒性大小，初步划定其适宜的栽培区域，为扁桃的区域化发展提供理论依据。【方法】以我国特有的6个扁桃种的1年生休眠枝条为试材，采取人工模拟外界环境的方法，对6个扁桃种进行不同梯度低温（-15～-40 ℃）处理，测定其休眠枝条的相对电导率、游离脯氨酸含量、MDA含量及SOD、POD活性，并配合Logistic方程计算6个扁桃种的低温半致死温度(LT50),低温处理恢复生长后测定枝条萌芽率，同时对测定结果进行抗寒性分析和比较。【结果】蒙古扁桃、长柄扁桃、矮扁桃、榆叶梅、美新、西康扁桃6个扁桃种的LT50分别为-35.17，-31.40，-26.37，-23.55，-20.12和-19.24 ℃；各扁桃种游离脯氨酸和MDA含量及SOD、POD活性基本随处理温度的降低而呈上升趋势,其中抗寒性强的扁桃种在低温时能保持较高的游离脯氨酸含量和SOD、POD活性及较低的MDA含量，且恢复生长后枝条萌芽率显著高于其他种。【结论】各扁桃种的抗寒性强弱顺序表现为蒙古扁桃>长柄扁桃>矮扁桃>榆叶梅>美新>西康扁桃，野生扁桃种与普通扁桃种均具有较强的抗寒性，可在北方许多地区广泛引种栽培与推广。 |
| 关键词: 扁桃 抗寒性 半致死温度 保护酶系统 丙二醛 脯氨酸 |
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| 基金项目:国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项（201104074）;唐仲英育种基金项目（2009-2011） |
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| Studies on cold resistance of several Chinese almond species |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Through the experiment on the cold resistance level of different almond species, the suitable cultivated area was preliminarily delimited,which provided theoretical basis for regional development of almond.【Method】The annual dormant branches from six almond varieties which are endemic to China were used as experiment materials.Under different artificial simulated low temperatures,the relative leakage of electrolytes,the contents of Proline,the contents of Malondialdehyde (MDA),the Super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity and Peroxidase (POD) activity of the branches were studied.According to the S shaped curves and the Logistic equation,the semi lethal temperature (LT50) of them could be calculated.The germinating rate was tested after the recovery from low temperature,then the results were analyzed and compared.【Result】The result showed that the LT50 of P.mongolica Maxim,A.pedunculata Pall,A.nana L.,A.triloba Lindl,Mission and A.tangutlca Batal were -35.17,-31.40,-26.37,-23.55,-20.12 and -19.24 ℃ respectively.The contents of Proline and MDA turned out to have similar trend of increasing with the decline of the temperature,and the species with excellent cold resistance had higher activity of SOD and POD,higher contents of Proline,and lower MDA.After the recovery from low temperature,the species with excellent cold resistance had a significantly higher germinating rate than the other species.【Conclusion】The sequence of cold resistance was as follows:P.mongolica Maxim>A.pedunculata Pall>A.nana L.>A.triloba Lindl>Mission>A.tangutlca Batal.Both wild and common almonds showed excellent cold resistance,and can be widely introduced and extended in north. |
| Key words: almond cold-resistance semi-lethal(LT50) protective system MDA proline |
