| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨施肥与猕猴桃产量、品质的关系，优化施肥配方，为确定施肥量提供依据。【方法】以“华优”猕猴桃为供试材料，研究不同施肥条件(氮磷钾有机肥配施(NPK+M)、氮磷钾配施(NPK)、减氮(PK+0.5N)、减磷(NK+0.5P)、减钾(NP+0.5K)、减量氮磷钾配施(0.5NPK)、增量氮磷钾配施(1.5NPK))对猕猴桃产量和品质及树体营养的影响。【结果】氮磷钾有机肥配施处理猕猴桃产量较各减量施肥处理提高了11.7%～31.8%。过量施肥并不能有效提高果实产量，且对纯收益存在负面影响。氮磷钾有机肥配施处理可提升树体营养状况，改善果实口感和品质，其Vc含量和可溶性总糖含量较各减量施肥处理分别提高了 6.9%～18.7%，33.5%～44.8%。【结论】氮磷钾肥与有机肥配合施用是猕猴桃果园养分管理的有效方法。 |
| 关键词: 猕猴桃 平衡施肥 果树营养 产量与品质 |
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| 基金项目:国际植物营养研究所项目(IPNI) |
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| Effect of fertilization on kiwifruit yield and quality |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective 】The relationship between fertilization and kiwifruit yield and production was investigated to propose a rational fertilizer formula and amount.【Method】“Actinidia deliciosa cv.Huayou” kiwifruit variety was used as experimental material.Kiwifruit production,plant nutrition and fruit quality were compared with the treatments of nitrogen+phosphorus+potassium+manure(NPK+M),nitrogen+phosphorus+potassium(NPK),reduced nitrogen(PK+0.5N),reduced phosphorus(NK+0.5P),reduced potassium(NP+0.5K),reduced NPK(0.5NPK),additional NPK(1.5NPK).【Result】The result showed that NPK+M treatment increased the kiwifruit production by 11.7%-31.8% compared with other reduced treatments.Excessive fertilization could not increase the yield significantly,and had negative effect on net profit.NPK+M treatment could improve the plant nutrition status,fruit quality and increase Vc 6.9%-18.7%,soluble total sugar 33.5%-44.8% compared with other reduced nutrients treatments.【Conclusion】The effective method of kiwifruit nutrition management should be the balanced NPK chemical fertilizer and manure application. |
| Key words: kiwifruit balanced fertilization fruit tree nutrition yield and quality |
