| 摘要: |
| 【目的】分析不同品种苹果果实中主要糖、有机酸的种类和含量，为苹果品质评价和品种改良提供依据。【方法】采用高效液相色谱法，分离和测定了12个苹果品种果实中的可溶性糖和有机酸的主要组成及其含量。【结果】苹果果实中的可溶性糖为果糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、山梨醇，且果糖含量明显高于其他3种糖，秦冠、新红星、富士Ⅰ、富士Ⅱ果实中的4种糖含量高低顺序为果糖>葡萄糖>蔗糖>山梨醇，弘前富士、金冠、华冠、粉红女士、乔纳金、皮诺娃、红玉、澳洲青苹果实中的4种糖含量高低顺序为果糖>蔗糖>葡萄糖>山梨醇。苹果果实中的有机酸有苹果酸、琥珀酸、草酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸和乙酸，其中苹果酸为主要有机酸。甜度/总酸值比较高的是华冠和秦冠（>400），金冠、弘前富士、富士Ⅰ、富士Ⅱ、乔纳金介于200～400，较低的是新红星、澳洲青苹、红玉、皮诺娃和粉红女士（<200）。【结论】弘前富士、富士Ⅰ、富士Ⅱ、秦冠、金冠、乔纳金、新红星、皮诺娃、华冠果实中的主要可溶性糖为果糖，粉红女士、澳洲青苹、红玉中主要为果糖和蔗糖；12个苹果品种果实中的有机酸均主要为苹果酸。甜度/总酸值是影响苹果果实甜酸风味的一个重要因素。 |
| 关键词: 苹果 高效液相色谱 糖 有机酸 |
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| 基金项目:国家现代农业技术体系专项（nycytx-08-01-03）；陕西省科技攻关项目（2010K01-04-1） |
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| Analysis of contents and constituents of sugar and organic acid in different apple cultivars |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Primary sugars and organic acids of different apple cultivars were analyzed.The results could provide a theoretical basis for quality evaluation and quality improvement in apple.【Method】HPLC(High Performance Liquid Chromatography) method was used to measure the soluble sugar and organic acid contents of 12 apple cultivars in this study.【Result】The results indicated that the soluble sugars in apple fruit flesh included fructose,sucrose,glucose,and sorbitol,of which fructose content was much more than other sugars.Four apple cultivars (Qinguan,Starkrimson,FujiⅠand FujiⅡ) expressed the pattern of fructose>glucose>sucrose>sorbitol,however,the pattern of the other 8 apple cultivars (Hirosaki Fuji,Golden delicious,Huaguan,Pink Lady,Jonagold,Pinova,Jonathan,Granny Smith)was fructose>sucrose>glucose>sorbitol;the organic acids in apple fruit flesh included malic acid,succinic acid,oxalix acid,citric acid,tartaric acid and acetic,of which the malic acid was the dominant one.The value of sweetness/acids in the cultivars(Qinguan,Huaguan) was higher(>400),while in the cultivars(Golden delicious,Hirosaki Fuji,FujiⅠ,FujiⅡ,Jonagold) it was from 200 to 400,and in the cultivars(Starkrimson,Granny Smith,Jonathan,Pinova,Pink Lady) it was lower(<200).【Conclusion】The main soluble sugars in the cultivars (Hirosaki Fuji,FujiⅠ,FujiⅡ,Qinguan,Golden delicious,Jonagold,Starkrimson,Pinova,Huaguan)was fructose,the main soluble sugars in the cultivars(Pink Lady,Granny Smith,Jonathan) were fructose and sucrose;the main organic acid in 12 kinds of apple cultivars was malic acid.The value of sweetness/acids was an important indicator influencing the sweet and sour flavors of apple fruit. |
| Key words: apple HPLC sugar organic acid |
