| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究碎石种类对土壤入渗过程的影响，为土石混合介质中水分运动的研究提供理论参考。【方法】选取内蒙古锡林郭勒旗马家塔露天煤矿复垦区及陕西神木六道沟碎石流域，利用盘式吸渗仪，通过设置3种负压（-1.47，-0.3和0 kPa），分析不同负压条件下，砾石、料浆石、煤矸石3种土石混合介质的入渗过程。【结果】不同负压条件下，含碎石土壤的初始入渗速率均在负压为-1.47 kPa时最大，且随负压的增加初始入渗速率降低；同一负压条件下，稳定入渗率随砾石含量的增加而减小；而随料浆石和煤矸石含量的增加，稳定入渗率呈先减小后增大的变化趋势，分别在料浆石含量为200 g/kg及煤矸石含量为600 g/kg时达到最小。【结论】碎石对增加入渗、减小产流具有积极作用，其作用因负压及碎石种类的不同而存在差异。 |
| 关键词: 土壤入渗 碎石量 砾石 料浆石 煤矸石 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41001132）；黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室基金项目（10501-259）；博士后第48批科学基金项目（20100481351）；高等学校博士学科点转向科研基金项目(20050712015) |
|
| Effect of different rock fragments species on soil infiltration |
|
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study of the effect of the fragments species on the soil water movement will provide the theory basis for the water movement in soil-stone mixture.【Method】Based on the experimental study on the soil-stone mixtures in Majiata coal mining reclaimed region in Xilingol League,Inner Mongolia and Liudaogou watershed area in Shenmu,Shaanxi,the effects of gravels,caliches,gangues on the soil water infiltration were studied in the fields.The infiltration processes in 3 different soil-stone mixtures were measured under three negative pressures（-1.47,-0.3 and 0 kPa）with the disc permeameter.【Result】The results showed that the initial infiltration rate increased with the increase of hydraulic pressure:0 kPa>-0.3 kPa>-1.47 kPa and tended to be the largest value when hydraulic pressure was -1.47 kPa.Under the same suction pressure,the stable infiltration rate varied greatly with the rock fragment species:the stable infiltration rate decreased with the gravel contents,but first decreased and then increased with the caliches and gangue contents,tending to be the smallest when the caliches content was 200 g/kg and gangues content was 600 g/kg,respectively.【Conclusion】Thus,the stones had a positive effect on the soil water infiltration and the reduction of runoff,but the effect varied with the difference of rock fragment species. |
| Key words: soil infiltration rock fragment contents gravel caliche gangue |
