| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨从紫色小白菜“紫罗兰”叶片中提取花青素的最佳工艺条件。【方法】以紫色小白菜叶片的冻干粉（粒径≤0.45 mm）为材料，筛选花青素提取剂（乙酸、甲醇、乙醇、丙酮）、提取剂体积分数（5%，10%，15%，20%，25%，30%，35%，40%，45%，50%，55%）和提取方法（浸提法、超声波法），对影响花青素提取率的提取温度（25，35，45，55，65，75 ℃）、料（g）液（mL）比（1∶5，1∶10，1∶20，1∶30，1∶40，1∶50）、提取时间（1，5，15，30，45，60 min）、提取次数（1，2，3，4次）进行单因素试验，以确定最佳提取工艺。【结果】紫色小白菜花青素的最佳提取剂为乙酸，提取剂最佳体积分数为35%，最佳提取方法是浸提法;最佳提取工艺为：提取温度25 ℃，料（g）液（mL）比1∶10，提取时间1 min，提取2次。在此条件下，第1次提取液中花青素的质量浓度为0.812 g/mL，相对提取率为70.39%；第2次提取液中花青素的质量浓度为0.225 g/mL，相对提取率为22.22%，2次相对提取率累计为92.61%。【结论】确定了紫色小白菜花青素的最佳提取工艺，此工艺能够在不引入叶绿素干扰的情况下较充分地提取花青素，且花青素的质量浓度较高。 |
| 关键词: 紫色小白菜 花青素 提取工艺 |
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| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目（2009BADB8B03-1）；陕西省蔬菜产业体系项目；西北农林科技大学唐仲英育种基金项目 |
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| Optimization of extracting process of anthocyanidin in purple pakchoi |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The aim of the study was to investigate the best extracting conditions for anthocyanidin from leaves of purple pakchoi (Ziluolan).【Method】The freeze drying powders(grain size≤0.45 mm) were used as experimental materials,extracting solvents(acetic acid,methanol,ethanol,acetone),volume percentage of extracting solvents(5%,10%,15%,20%,25%,30%,35%,40%,45%,50%,55%) and extracting methods(lixiviating method,ultrasonic method) were filtrated.The factors that influence the extracting power of anthocyanidin,such as extracting temperature(25,35,45,55,65,75 ℃),solid(g) liquid(mL) ratio(1∶5,1∶10,1∶20,1∶30,1∶40,1∶50),extracting time(1,5,15,30,45,60 min) and extracting times(1,2,3,4 times) were investigated by single factor test to determine the best extracting condition.【Result】The best extracting solvent of anthocyanidin from purple pakchoi was acetic acid,the best volume percentage of extracting solvents 35%,and the better extracting method lixiviating method.The best extracting condition was as follows:extracting temperature 25 ℃,solid(g)-liquid(mL) ratio 1∶10,extracting time 1 min and extracting twice.Under the optimum conditions,the mass concentration of the anthocyanidin in the first extract was 0.812 g/mL,relative extracting rate 70.39%,the mass concentration of the anthocyanidin in the second extract 0.225 g/mL,relative extracting rate 22.22%,the accumulative relative extracting rate was 92.61%.【Conclusion】The best extracting condition of anthocyanidin from leaves of purple pakchoi was determined,and the high content anthocyanidin extract solution without chlorophyll can be obtained by the best extracting condition,and the mass concentration of anthocyanidin was higher. |
| Key words: purple pakchoi anthocyanidin extracting process |
