| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究废旧电池液对小鼠染色体及肝肾功能的损伤作用，为揭示废旧电池液对动物细胞的影响机理提供参考。【方法】先进行废旧电池液对小鼠的经口急性毒性试验，设置体积分数分别为20%，40%，60%，80%和100%的5个废旧电池液处理组，灌胃剂量为0.5 mL/(只·d)，同时设置阴性对照组（灌胃重蒸水）和空白对照组（不做处理）, 连续灌胃观察10 d，记录小鼠行为变化及存活情况，并测定LD50。然后用体积分数为20%，40%和60%的废旧电池液经腹腔注射小鼠，剂量为0.5 mL/(只·d)，连续注射5 d，同时设立重蒸水阴性对照组和环磷酰胺阳性对照组，通过对染色体畸变率和小鼠血清中肝肾功能指标(总胆红素(TBIL)、血清肌酐(Cr)、血尿酸氮(BUN)浓度和谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性)的测定，研究不同体积分数废旧电池液对小鼠染色体及肝肾功能的影响。【结果】经口急性毒性试验结果表明，体积分数20%，40%和60%废旧电池液处理组小鼠均存活，无不良反应或异常行为，且10 d后小鼠体质量与对照组无任何差异，测得废旧电池液对小鼠的LD50为80%。废旧电池液在体积分数为60%时，能使小鼠骨髓细胞有丝分裂指数（MI）降低（P<0.05）；染色体畸变率在废旧电池液体积分数为40%时开始上升，在体积分数为60%时达到最高值13.22%。与阴性对照组相比，40%与60%废旧电池液处理小鼠的血清TBIL 浓度和ALT活性显著 (P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)升高，各组小鼠的血清AST活性极显著(P<0.01)升高，60%废旧电池液处理组小鼠的BUN和Cr浓度极显著 (P<0.01)升高。【结论】高剂量（体积分数40%以上）废旧电池液能使小鼠染色体畸变率上升，体积分数60%废旧电池液对小鼠肝肾脏有一定的损害作用。 |
| 关键词: 废旧电池液 染色体畸变 肝肾毒性 小鼠 |
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| 基金项目:西安市科技局农业创新项目（NC08015）；西安文理学院教育教学改革项目（2010C1008） |
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| Effects of wasted battery liquid on chromosomal,hepatic and nephric toxicity in mice |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】In this paper,we studied the toxicity effects of wasted battery liquid on chromosomal,hepatic and nephric in mice,to provide theoretical reference to reveal the affecting mechanism of the wasted battery liquid on animal cell.【Method】First,acute oral toxicity test of wasted battery liquid to mice was run.Five treatment groups include 20%,40%,60%,80% and 100% volume degree’s wasted battery liquid were set,irrigation dosage was 0.5 mL/(mouse·d),at the same time,set negative control group (distilled water irrigation) and blank control group (no treatment),animals would be irrigated for 10 days,different behavior and live would be record,LD50 was measured as well.Then,the mice were treated by various volume (20%,40%,60%) degrees of wasted battery liquid though intraperitoneal injection,dosage being 0.5 mL/(mouse·d) for 5 consecutive days,at the same time,the distilled water and Cyclophosphamide were chosen as the negative control and positive control.To research the effects of different volumes of wasted battery liquid on chromosomal,hepatic and nephric in mice,the chromosomal aberration (CA) assay was used to evaluate the genotoxic and blood samples were obtained to measure total bilirubin (TBIL),alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspertate aminotransferase (AST),serum creatinine (Cr) and blood serum uric acid nitrogen (BUN).【Result】Acute oral toxicity test showed that mice in 20%,40%,60% volume degrees treatment groups are all survived,no adverse reactions or abnormal behavior,Compare with control groups,the bodyweight of the mice without any differences after 10 days,the LD50 of wasted battery liquid to mice was 80%.The mitotic index (MI) was decreased (P<0.05) in mice bone marrow cells when wasted battery liquid was at the 60% volume degree;The frequency of CA cells began to increase at 40% volume degree of wasted battery liquid,the highest frequency of CA cells got to 13.22% at 60% volume degree.Compared with the negative control group,serum TBIL and ALT were increased in significant difference (P<0.05) or in extremely significant difference (P<0.01) at 40% and 60% volume degrees,serum AST of each group was increased in extremely significant difference (P<0.01) in mice,the concentrations of BUN and Cr were increased in extremely significant difference (P<0.01) at 60% volume degree.【Conclusion】High dose-level (40% volume degrees up) of wasted battery liquid could increase the frequency of CA,60% volume degree of wasted battery liquid had toxicity to hepatic and nephric in mice as well. |
| Key words: wasted battery liquid chromosomal aberration hepatic and nephric toxicity mice |
