| 摘要: |
| 【目的】对山杏种下变异类型进行研究，分析山杏自然变异对苦杏仁脂肪油、精油含量的影响。【方法】在黄土高原残塬沟壑区，选择立地条件相似的山杏产区，采用野外随机取样法,测算杏核的外部形态特征，据此将山杏分为不同的种下变异类型，并分析比较了不同产区及不同种下变异类型山杏杏核的形态特征、千粒质量、出仁率及杏仁含油量。【结果】不同产区杏核的核长、核宽、核厚、核型指数、出仁率均存在极显著差异，千粒质量存在显著差异，相邻两产区间苦杏仁含油量差异达到极显著水平。根据杏核外部形态特征划分出7个山杏种下变异类型，其在核长、核宽、核厚、核型指数、千粒质量、出仁率、含油量等方面均有极显著差异。【结论】山杏自然变异是造成相邻产区间杏核形态特征和苦杏仁含油量差异的根本原因；综合考虑脂肪油和精油含量，以类型2即长梭型杏核为最佳；陕西麟游为苦杏仁的最佳产区。 |
| 关键词: 山杏 种下变异类型 含油量 最佳产区 |
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| 基金项目:国家林业局948引进项目(2004-4-52) |
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| Natural variation of Prunus armeniaca and its influence on almond oil content between different producing areas |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study was done to analyze the influence on fatty oil and essential oil content of natural variation of Prunus armeniacathrough a study of infraspecific variation types. 【Method】We chose adjacent producing areas with similar site on the loss Gulied-Hilly Area,adopted the random sampling survey method in field investigation,and calculated the external morphological characters of Prunus armeniaca.Hereby the characters were to divide the Prunus armeniaca to different variation types,and the differences were compared in morphological characteristics,thousand seed weight,kernel rate and oil content of different producing areas and variation types.【Result】With extremely significant difference on morphological characteristics,and significant differences on thousand seed mass of the almonds in different producing areas,as well as the almond oil content in adjacent producing areas,the almonds could be divided into 7 infraspecific variation types,which had extremely significant difference in length,width,thickness,ratio of length to width,thousand seed weight,and kernel rate as well as the almond oil content.【Conclusion】The natural variation of Prunus armeniaca is the basic reason for the differences of almonds oil content in adjacent producing areas.Taking the content of fatty oil and essential oil into consideration,type 2:long fusiform is proved to be the best and Linyou in Shaanxi province is the best producing area. |
| Key words: Prunus armeniaca infraspecific variation type oil content the best producing area |
