| 摘要: |
| 【目的】分析4个陕南水牛群体的遗传多样性,为陕南水牛品种的资源保护和开发利用提供理论支持。【方法】利用10对微卫星引物，采用PCR扩增和非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术，对192头陕南水牛（分别采自城固、南郑、宁强和汉滨4个群体，每群体48头）进行了遗传多样性检测，统计了各群体的等位基因频率、等位基因数、有效等位基因数（Ne）、遗传杂合度（H）、各群体间的奈氏标准遗传距离及多态信息含量（PIC），根据遗传距离进行了聚类分析。【结果】4个陕南水牛群体在10个微卫星位点共发现104个等位基因，其中有8个特有等位基因，等位基因频率为0.005 2～0.349 0，总群体各位点平均有效等位基因数为4.017 4～13.146 9；10个微卫星位点平均多态信息含量为0.700 7～0.893 2，均为高度多态；平均杂合度为0.755 0～0.928 8。聚类分析结果显示，城固群体与南郑群体首先聚在一起，然后依次同宁强、汉滨水牛群体聚在一起。【结论】10对微卫星标记可作为有效的遗传标记用于陕南水牛遗传多样性的分析；陕南水牛群体变异程度多样性丰富，选育程度较低；聚类分析结果符合陕南水牛的地理分布格局和产区的自然环境，4个群体之间遗传差异较小,遗传一致性程度较大。 |
| 关键词: 陕南水牛 微卫星 遗传多样性 |
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| 基金项目:国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目（2006BAD14B07）；西北农林科技大学拔尖人才支持计划项目 |
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| Study on genetic diversity of microsatellite DNA in Shaannan buffalo |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study was done to analyze genetic diversity of four landraces buffalo in southern Shaanxi and to provide support for the protection and utilization of resources of buffalo species in southern Shaanxi.【Method】192 Shaannan Buffalo（selected from Chenggu,Nanzheng,Ningqiang and Hanbin）were used to detect the genetic diversity,and allele frequency of each group,number of alleles,effective number of alleles (Ne),heterozygosity (H),Nei’s standard genetic distance between groups and the polymorphic information content (PIC) were counted,and cluster analysis was done based on genetic distance.【Result】The results indicate that there are 104 alleles and 8 alleles-specific at 10 microsatellite locus in 4 local buffalo populations.The allele frequencies,average effective number of alleles and the average polymorphic information content range from 0.005 2－0.349 0;4.017 4－13.146 9 and 0.700 7－0.893 2,meanwhile,the average heterozygosity range from 0.755 0－0.928 8,and they are highly polymorphic.Cluster analysis shows that Chenggu groups first of all cluster together with Nanzheng,followed with Ningqiang,Hanbin.【Conclusion】10 pairs of microsatellite markers can be used as an effective genetic marker for the analysis of the genetic diversity of buffalo in southern Shaanxi.There is rich diversity of variation in Shaannan buffalo.Cluster analysis shows that these are consistent with the geographical distribution patterns and natural environment of Shaanan buffalo.They are basically the same on genetic basis between four local groups (Chenggu,Nanzheng,Ningqiang and Hanbin) |
| Key words: Shaannan buffalo microsatellite genetic diversity |
