| 摘要: |
| 【目的】 研究确定山地梨枣树涌泉根灌的适宜布置方式与灌水量。【方法】 以5年生梨枣树为试验树种，设置了4种灌水器布置方式(每株梨枣树安装1，2，3或4个灌水器)和3种灌水量水平(单株梨枣树单次灌水60,80,100 L)共12个处理(T1- T12),研究涌泉根灌的不同布置方式和灌水量对山地梨枣树耗水量、水分利用效率及产量的影响。【结果】 涌泉根灌不同布置方式和灌水量对梨枣树耗水量有一定影响，各处理梨枣树的耗水量为368.5~423.9 mm；不同布置方式和灌水量下，梨枣树的水分利用效率、产量、年净增效益有一定差别；各处理总水分利用效率(WUEET )为3.7~4.3 kg/m3，灌溉水利用效率(WUEM)为22.5~38.0 kg/m3，各处理之间差异显著；安装2或3个灌水器的布置方式与80，100 L的灌水量组合，均可使梨枣树产量达到17 000 kg/hm2以上,且显著高于其他处理。【结论】 山地梨枣树涌泉根灌时，每株2个灌水器的布置方式与单株单次80 L的灌水量组合，梨枣树的增产效益最明显，净增效益达18 856 元/(hm2·年)，是山地梨枣树涌泉根灌的最佳布置方式与灌水量水平。 |
| 关键词: 梨枣树 涌泉根灌 布置方式 灌水量 |
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| 基金项目:国家重大科技支撑项目“陕西半干旱区山地特色果品综合节水技术研究与示范”(2007BAD88B05) |
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| Appropriate surge spring root irrigation layout and irrigation norm of ujube on mountain land |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The research was done to study the appropriate emitter layout and irrigation norm of surge spring root irrigation for mountain land jujube trees.【Method】 With five year old pear jujube trees as test material,the experiments were carried out including four emitter layouts (1,2, 3,and 4 emitters per tree, respectively) and three irrigation norms (60,80,and 100 L per tree each time,respectively),totally 12 treatments to study the emitter layout and irrigation norm of surge spring root irrigation effect on water consumption,water use efficiency and yield of jujube on mountain land.【Result】 The different emitter layouts and irrigation volumes of surge spring root irrigation had certain effect on water consumption of jujube on mountain land,ranging from 368.5 mm to 423.9 mm;the jujube water use efficiency,yield and net increasing benefit each year were different among different treatments,the fruit yield per total water use (WUEET) was between 3.7 kg/m3 and 4.3 kg/m3,the fruit yield per total irrigation water (WUEET) was between 22.5 kg/m3 and 38 kg/m3,and the difference was significant among the treatments.With 2 or 3 emitters per trees and irrigation volume of 80 or 100 L,the yield could reach over 17 000 kg/hm2,which was significantly higher than other treatments.【Conclusion】 The layout of 2 emitters together with 80 L irrigation volume per tree,which can raise economic benefits most significantly by 18 856 yuan/(hm2·a),was the appropriate layout and irrigation norm for mountain land pear jujube trees with surge spring root irrigation. |
| Key words: jujube tree surge spring root irrigation layout of emitter irrigation volume |
