| 摘要: |
| [目的]研究不同施磷水平对夏玉米生长期土壤硝态氮时空分布、累积量及玉米籽粒产量的影响,为夏玉米合理施肥提供参考依据.[方法]采用田间小区试验, 在施磷水平分别为0,60,120和180 kg/hm2时,研究施磷对夏玉米产量及土壤氮素吸收累积的影响.[结果]在0～110 cm土层,随土壤剖面深度的增加,土壤硝态氮含量逐渐降低,0～30 cm土层明显高于30～110 cm土层且变幅较大,施磷肥能显著降低土壤硝态氮含量.随夏玉米生育期推进,0～110 cm土层硝态氮累积量呈先降低后升高的趋势,于灌浆期达到最低值;当施磷水平为120 kg/hm2时,成熟期0～110 cm土层硝态氮累积量低于施磷60和180 kg/hm2的处理;施磷肥能显著增加玉米籽粒产量、籽粒吸氮量及氮收获指数,均以施磷水平为120 kg/hm2时最高.[结论]在施氮基础上施用磷肥,有利于提高玉米籽粒产量,促进作物对氮素的吸收累积,减少土壤中硝态氮的累积及向更深土层中的运移量. |
| 关键词: 施磷 土壤硝态氮 籽粒产量 氮素累积量 |
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| 基金项目:国家“863”高新技术研究与发展计划项目（2006AA100204）；新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目（01140602）；高等学校学科创新引智计划项目 |
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| Influence of applying phosphorus on soil nitrate N and nutrient uptake and yield of summer maize |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 A field experiment was carried out to study the influence of applying phosphorus (P) fertilizer on soil nitrate N (NO3--N) distribution and accumulation amounts in soil profile, grain yield of summer maize to provide theoretical direction for applying P fertilizer(APF) to maize.【Method】 Different levels of P fertilizer were used in maize field,0,60,120,180 kg/hm2 respectively.【Result】 Soil nitrate N concentration decreased obviously with the increase of soil depth in 0-110 cm layer,and NO3--N concentration in 0-30 cm layer had a larger variation range than that did in 30-110 cm layer.Applying N mixed with P decreased the amount of NO3--N significantly in soil depth.Firstly there was a decrease and then increase on NO3--N accumulation amounts in 0-110 cm layer following maize growth stages,and it reached lowest in stem elongation stage.NO3--N accumulation amounts of APF were lower than that of treatwent of to and 180 kg/hm2at 120 kg/hm2 during harvest stage in 0-110 cm layer.APF could improve sharply grain yield and amount of N taken by grain and N Harvest Index,which were the highest under the 120 kg/hm2 of PFA treatment.【Conclusion】 Based on applying N fertilizer,APF can increase yield clearly,and promote N absorption by crops,reduce the NO3--N accumulation amounts and translocation of NO3--N in deep soil |
| Key words: applying P fertilizer soil nitrate N grain yield N accumulation amount |
