| 摘要: |
| [目的]分离筛选苄嘧磺隆的高效降解菌株,为磺酰脲类除草剂土壤残留危害的综合治理提供候选生物制剂.[方法]采用查氏培养基,从采自全国5省市的23份土壤样品中筛选降解菌,以苄嘧磺隆为唯一碳源进行摇瓶培养复筛,以相对降解率为评价标准,确定高效降解菌株,根据形态初步鉴定其种属,研究其降解特性.[结果]从土壤中分离筛选出能耐受500 mg/L苄嘧磺隆的真菌与细菌菌株共计78株,其中共培养2 d后,菌株BP-H-01对25～500 mg/L苄嘧磺隆的相对降解率达80%以上,根据形态学特征初步确定该菌株为曲霉属(Aspergillus sp.)真菌.菌株BP-H-01降解苄嘧磺隆的最适pH为7.5,最适温度为28℃,初始接菌量2 g/L,在此条件下相对降解率可达84.5%.[结论]菌株BP-H-01对苄嘧磺隆具有显著降解效果. |
| 关键词: 苄嘧磺隆 降解真菌 降解特性 磺酰脲类除草剂 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金，教育部全国优秀博士学位论文作者专项基金 |
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| Screening of degradation fungi of bensulfuron-methyl and their growth and degradation characteristics |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The study was done to isolate the effective fungi strains for biodegrading bensulfuron-methyl, one of the most widely used herbicides in China,and provide prospect candidate biological preparations for reducing sulfonylurea herbicide residues in the soil.【Method】 The degrading fungi were isolated in Czapek media from poor nutrient or serious contaminated soil collected from several provinces in China,and then screened in the media of bensulfuron methyl as only carbohydrate.The effective degrading fungi were determined according to the degrading rate and the morphology and the degradation characteristics were preliminarily identified.【Result】 A bensulfuron methyl highly effective degradation fungus strain BP-H-01 with above 80% of relative degradation rate to 25-500 mg/L of bensulfuron methyl,which was screened from 78 fungi and bacteria strains,tolerated 500 mg/L of bensulfuron methyl. Based on morphological study, BP-H-01 was identified as Aspergillus sp.The optimum conditions for degrading Bensulfuron methyl were pH 7.5, 28 ℃ and 2 g/L of the inoculated quantity respectively.In this condition,the degradation rate achieved 84.5%.【Conclution】 Fungus strain BP-H-01 can biodegrade remarkably bensulfuron-methyl specially. |
| Key words: bensulfuron-methyl degrading fungi degradation characteristic sulfonylurea herbicide |
