| 摘要: |
| [目的]为不同品种苜蓿亲缘关系的判断和最大限度地利用杂种优势提供理论依据.[方法]采用RAPD(Random amplified polymorphic DNA)标记方法,利用NTSYS软件, 对22个紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)品种的遗传距离进行聚类,并对其亲缘关系进行分析.[结果]供试苜蓿品种之间的遗传基础较广,22个随机引物共检出289条扩增片段,其中多态性条带占88.93%;平均每个引物扩增的DNA条带数为4～18条,其中多态性谱带为2～17条;品种间遗传距离的变异为0.135 6～0.361 1,平均遗传距离为0.209 5,其中变异最大的是WL252HQ和"阿尔冈金",最小的是"德福"和"赛特",22个紫花苜蓿品种中以"德福"和"赛特"间的亲缘关系最近.[结论]"阿尔冈金"与"三得利"之间及二者与其他品种之间亲缘关系较远,二者之间杂交或分别与其他品种之间杂交,可能会产生较大的杂种优势;引自加拿大的"放牧者"与其他21个苜蓿品种的遗传距离较远,其与这21种苜蓿品种杂交,亦可能会产生较大的杂种优势. |
| 关键词: 紫花苜蓿 遗传距离 聚类分析 杂种优势 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:科技部国际科技合作项目，陕西省科技攻关项目 |
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| RAPD analysis of genetic relationship of 22 alfalfa varieties |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The study was done to judge genetic relationship of different varieties of alfalfa,making the most of heterosis and gaining good hybrid offspring.【Method】 With RAPD markers，NTSYS software was used for cluster analysis of 22 alfalfa varieties genetic distance and kinship analysis between them. 【Result】 The 22 alfalfa varieties of genomic DNA were amplified with 22 random primers,and there were 257 polymorphism fragments in the 289 amplified fragment found,accounting for 88.93%.The range of DNA bands amplified of each primer was 4 to 18,an average of 13.1,polymorphism bands 2 to 17,an average of 11.7.The variation range of genetic distance of 22 alfalfa varieties was 0.135 6-0.361 1,and the average value was 0.209 5.Evidently,a larger genetic variation happened between varieties,and the largest was “WL252HQ” and “Algonquin”,the Smallest “Derby” and “Sitel”.【Conclusion】 “Algonquin” and “Sandity” and the other 21 varieties show more distant relationship,the crossing between them and the other 21 varieties crossing can gain higher heterosis．“Haygrazer” crossing with the other 21 varieties can also gain higher heterosis. |
| Key words: alfalfa RAPD genetic distance cluster analysis higher heterosis |
