| 摘要: |
| [目的]研究不同水肥调控措施对日光温室土壤水分状况和番茄水分利用效率的影响,为西北地区日光温室水肥的合理利用提供参考依据.[方法]采用田间试验方法,研究不同水肥处理对日光温室土壤含水量及番茄水分利用效率的影响.[结果]在肥料用量为N 450 kg/hm2、P2O5 225 kg/hm2、K2O 225 kg/hm2条件下,节水灌溉处理的水分利用率最高,达50.3 kg/m3;在灌水量相同的条件下,常规施肥与配方施肥的水分利用率无显著差异;而在施肥量相同的条件下,节水灌溉的水分利用率比常规灌溉明显提高;在肥料用量为N 450 kg/hm2、P2O5 315 kg/hm2、K2O 450 kg/hm2条件下,收获时土壤贮水量最小,比同期常规水肥处理低0.88×103 m3/hm2,比栽植时减少0.52×103m3/hm2.张力计读数的变化趋势和土壤含水量变化趋势基本一致,张力计能够反映土壤的水分状况.[结论]采用节水节肥的措施虽然未能显著增加番茄的产量,但能提高番茄的水分利用率,降低生产成本. |
| 关键词: 日光温室 番茄 水肥条件 土壤水分 张力计 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S625.5 |
| 基金项目:科技部科技攻关项目，西安市农业科技攻关项目，西北农林科技大学科研专项基金? |
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| Effects of different fertilizers and water managements on water distribution in soil and water use efficiency of tomato |
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ZHOU Bo ZHOU Jian-bin
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The researth studied the effects of different fertilizers and water managements on water distribution in soil and water use efficiency of tomato to provide reference service for reasonable water and fertilizer utilization in vegetable cultivation in sunlight greenhouse.【Method】 A field experiment was carried out in soil cultivated sunlight greenhouse in Yangling district,Shaanxi Province to study the effects of different fertilizers and water managements on water distribution in soil and water use efficiency of tomato.【Result】 The water utilization efficiency of the treatment with addition of 450 kg N/hm2,225 kg P2O5/hm2,and 225 kg K2O/hm2 was as high as 50.3 kg/m3,when water saving irrigation method was adopted.When the amount of irrigation water was similar,there was not significant difference between the water utilization efficiency of conventional fertilization and formula fertilization.When the amount of fertilizing was similar,water saving irrigation improved the water utilization efficiency significantly compared with conventional irrigation.When the amount of fertilizing was 450 kg N/hm2,315 kg P2O5/hm2,and 450 kg K2O/hm2,water in soil at tomato harvest was lowest,which was less 0.88×103 m3/hm2 than corresponding period amounts of conventional irrigation and conventional fertilizion,and 0.52×103 m3/hm2 less than amounts of planting.The trend of tensiometers readings changes in different days was identical to the change of soil moisture,and could indicate the water level in the soil.【Conclusion】 Water-saving irrigation and formula fertilization in this study did not increase tomato yield,but significantly increased water use efficiency of tomato. |
| Key words: sunlight greenhouse tomato fertilizer and water management water content tensiometer |
