| 摘要: |
| [目的]掌握不同紫花苜蓿品种叶片的旱生结构,为其引种和育种提供理论依据。[方法] 对17个紫花苜蓿品种叶片进行解剖,选取12项抗旱指标,采用单因素分析方法对各品种进行两两多重比较,得到各指标的灵敏度,最后以叶片厚度、中脉厚度和栅栏组织厚度3个指标为主进行聚类分析。[结果] 不同苜蓿品种叶片的抗旱性解剖结构之间差异极显著。各指标的灵敏度大小依次为:叶片厚度>中脉厚度>栅栏组织厚度>海绵组织厚度>栅栏组织/海绵组织>上表皮厚度>气孔密度>叶片组织结构紧密度>下表皮厚度>叶片组织结构疏松度>气孔长度>角质层厚度。聚类结果分析表明,17个紫花苜蓿品种可聚为3个级别:其中‘保丰苜蓿'、‘新牧1号'、‘中苜1号'、‘卫士302+Z'、‘路宝'、‘改革者+Z'和‘爱维兰'具有较好的抗旱性结构；‘爱菲尼特+Z'、‘超级阿波罗'、‘巨人201+Z'、‘牧歌401+Z'、‘射手'和‘牧野'的抗旱性结构中等；‘新疆大叶'、‘全能+Z'、‘胜利者'和‘超级13R'叶的抗旱性结构较差。[结论]不同紫花苜蓿品种叶片具有不同的抗旱性结构。 |
| 关键词: 紫花苜蓿 叶片 解剖结构 抗旱性 |
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| 基金项目:陕西省自然科学基金项目（2006C105） |
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| Study on leaves anatomical structures relative to drought resistance of Medicago sativa vatieties |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The study was to understand the structures of leaves of different varieties related to the drought resistance and provide the theoretical data for the introduction and breeding. 【Method】 We studied the anatomical structures related to drought resistance of the leaves of 17 varieties of Medicago sativa L.based on 12 xeromorphic indexes,did the single factor multiple comparison between two varieties in order to conclude the sensitiveness sequence of the 12 indexes to the drought,and the clustering analysis based on 3 most sensitive indexes including the leaf thickness,the main vein thickness,the palisade tissue thickness．【Result】The results showed that there was significant difference between the varieties at P<0.01 level.The following was the sequence of the sensitivity:leaf thickness> main vein thickness> palisade tissue thickness> spongy tissue thickness> ration of palisade tissue/spongy tissue>upper epidermis thickness > stoma density> CTR>lower epidermis thickness> SR> stoma length> cuticle thickness.And according to clustering analysis，the 17 varieties could be divided into three classes in terms of the ability of the leaves structures against the drought：Baofeng,Xinmu No.1,Zhongmu No.1,AmeriGuard302＋Z,LoBo,Innovator＋Z and Avalanche were best while Xinjiangdaye,Total＋Z,Victor and 13R Supreme were worst,and Affinity＋Z,Apollo Supreme,Ameristand201＋Z,AmeriGraze401＋Z,Archer and Alfagraze were between them.【Conclusion】 The leaves of the different varieties had the different anatomical structures related to drought resistance. |
| Key words: Medicago sativa L. leaf anatomical structure drought resistance |
