| 摘要: |
| [目的]从野生山楂表面分离获得能有效防治苹果病害的生防酵母菌株,探讨分离筛选生防酵母菌的新途径.[方法]利用活体筛选法选择有效菌株,研究不同接种体浓度、接种间隔和贮藏温度对酵母菌株抑菌防病作用的影响,确定生防酵母菌对粉红聚端孢Trichothecium roseum、灰葡萄孢Botrytis cinerea和胶孢炭疽菌Colletotri-chum gloeosporioides 3种靶标真菌的最适抑制条件.[结果]分离获得了4株对苹果病害防治效果较好的生防酵母菌株S3、A14、A2和T1,将4株生防酵母菌提前24 h接种,接种体浓度为108cfu/mL,在4℃冷藏条件下对3种靶标真菌的抑制效果最好,均可以达到100%.[结论]从野生山楂果实上分离对苹果病害防治有效的生防酵母菌是可行的,在冷藏条件下综合应用生防酵母菌是提高防病效果的有效途径. |
| 关键词: 野生山楂 生防酵母菌 苹果采后病害 生物防治 |
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| 基金项目:教育部创新团队发展计划项目（200558）；国家高等学校学科创新引智计划项目（B07049）；西北农林科技大学创新团队项目 |
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| Screening of antagonistic yeasts from hawthorn fruits to control postharvest diseases of apple |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The hawthorn fruits were selected to isolate more effective antagonistic yeasts against apple diseases and create new approaches to screen the antagonistic yeast.【Method】 The optimum inhibiting parameters of antagonistic yeasts to three target pathogens,Trichothecium roseum,Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were determined with healthy apple fruits,in different inoculum concentration of yeast strains,challenge inoculation interval with target pathogens and different storage temperature of tested fruits.【Result】 Four effective antagonistic yeasts,S3,A14,A2 and T1,were screened.The excellent effects of four strains controling apple diseases caused by three target pathogens could be observed at 108 cfu/mL yeasts inoculation concentration,preinoculation of 24 h and at 4 ℃ storage condition.【Conclusion】 Apparently,efficient antagonistic yeasts could be isolated from the surface of healthy hawthorn fruits and the control efficiency to the diseases could be improved through application of antagonistic yeast in cold storage. |
| Key words: Hawthorn fruit antagonistic yeast postharvest diseases biological control |
