| 摘要: |
| [目的]探明葡萄白粉病侵染过程中病原与植物互作的关键时期.[方法]以抗白粉病的中国野生葡萄白河-35-1、感病欧洲葡萄品种佳丽酿及其F1代抗病株系6-12-4和感病株系6-12-2为材料,通过考马斯亮蓝G-250染色和解剖观察统计叶片的自然带菌率.采集田间白粉病发病葡萄叶片,人工接种试验叶片,于接种后0,1,3,5和7d分别采集接种叶片,制片后显微观察,研究白粉菌在葡萄叶片表面的生长和侵染过程.[结果]田间自然条件下和田间人工套袋隔离2周后,葡萄抗、感白粉病植株的新稍叶片均存在自然带菌现象,但抗病植株带菌率较低.人工压片接种后,菌丝和分生孢子成功附着在感病和抗病植株的叶片表面.随着接种后时间的延长,不同抗病性葡萄叶片表面白粉菌的数量均增加,接种3 d后感病植株叶片表面的菌丝数量快速增加,并表现出白粉症状;抗病葡萄植株叶片表面的菌丝数量增加较慢,不表现白粉症状.感病材料上葡萄白粉病的侵染过程为:分生孢子萌发形成芽管,然后在芽管顶端萌发形成附着胞,附着胞下方长出侵染丝并侵入叶片,完成侵染过程.[结论]葡萄白粉病菌与寄主识别反应的关键时期在接种后3 d内.白粉病人工接种前,葡萄叶片保持至少2周的隔离是必要的. |
| 关键词: 葡萄 白粉病 人工接种 侵染过程 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家转基因专项(JY03-A-19-02)；国家自然科学基金项目(No.30571280) |
|
| Comparisons on the Uncinula necator invasion procedure of resistant and susceptible grapes |
|
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The study is to find the critical time for fungi-host interaction.【Method】 The material of disease resistant grape clone Baiihe-35-1,susceptible variety Carignane,their F1 anti disease individual 6-12-4 and susceptible individual 6-12-2 were employed in the field infection rate counting by Coomassie Brilliant G-250 staining and microscope observation and comparison of the invasion procedure of Uncinula necator after 0,1,3,5 and 7 days after artificial inoculation by optical microscopy observation.【Result】 The results showed that under the field and bagged conditions,the mycelium and spores of Uncinula necator existed on the leaves of both the resistant and susceptible grape plants but the infection rate of resistant plant was lower than that of susceptible plant.This result indicated that it is necessary to separate the leaves by bagging at least 2 weeks before artificial inoculation.After artificial inoculation,the mycelium and spores of Uncinular necator were successfully attached on the leave surface and the mycelium was increased with the days after inoculation but the increase was more rapid on the susceptible plant and showed obvious symptom of powdery mildew.The anatomic structure of infected leaves showed that the procedure of invasion was as follows:spore germinated and formed germ tube after 1-3 days after inoculation,then an appressorium cell was formed at the end of germ tube,at last the new mycelium was formed from appressorium and penetrated through the epidermis and completed infection procedure.【Conclusion】 By observing the grape powdery mildew infection procedure,the critical period of fungi host interaction was determined which is of great benefit for the grape powdery mildew control and grape powdery mildew resistance gene induction and cloning. |
| Key words: grape powdery mildew artificial inoculation invasion procedure |
