| 摘要: |
| 以黄土高原子午岭1∶250 00植被图为基础,利用GIS手段和缓冲区分析技术,研究了人类活动对子午岭森林景观格局的影响。结果表明,黄土高原子午岭森林景观以辽东栎(Quercus liaotungensis)林、山杨(Populusdavidiana)林为主体,但因人为破坏等原因,灌木林和非林地景观类型亦占较重要地位。人类活动的强弱与景观破碎化有一定的相关性,人类作用强的地区平均斑块面积较小,景观破碎化程度较高;人类作用弱的地区斑块面积较大,破碎化程度较低。人为干扰增加了景观的异质性,从而使森林景观多样性增加,优势度指数下降,均匀度指数增加,破碎度指数增加。表明人类活动是导致子午岭森林景观破碎化的重要原因。 |
| 关键词: 景观多样性 景观破碎化 人为干扰 子午岭 黄土高原 |
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| 基金项目:黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室开放基金项目(10501-147)；甘肃省教育厅资助项目(049B-08) |
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| Impacts of human activities on landscape patterns in the Ziwuling Mountains of the Loess Plateau |
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| Abstract: |
| The forest landscape characteristics and landscape diversity of three functional regions in the Ziwuling Nature Reserve in Gansu Province were investigated.The results showed that the forest landscape of Labagoumen Nature Reserve was primarily covered by Quercus liaotungensis forest and Populusdavidiana forest.However,shrubland and non-woodland gradually became dominant landscape types in the nature reserve due to human disturbance.Among the three functional regions,the fragmentation degree of landscape in the core area was relatively lower,however,that in the buffer area was higher,and that in the transition area was the highest.The human disturbance was the main force to cause landscape heterogeneity and landscape pattern change.In this paper,the changes in forest landscape patterns in Ziwuling Mountain were analyzed by means of ILWIS GIS technique based on the 1∶25 000 scale of vegetation map. And the impacts of human activities on forest landscape patterns were studied by using buffer analysis method.The results showed that:(a) The landscape fragmentation in Ziwuling Mountain was to some extent related to the intensity of human activities.In the area with more human disturbance,the patch area was smaller,while in the area with less human disturbance,the patch area was relatively larger.The human activities greatly resulted in the landscape fragmentation.(b) The indices of landscape diversity showed little change with the increase of the distance from the selected disturbed area.Therefore natural factors are still the decisive ones to affect landscape patterns in this area. |
| Key words: landscape diversity,landscape fragmentation,human disturbance,Ziwuling Mountains,Loess Plateau |
