| 摘要: |
| 自然植被第一性净生产力（Net primary productivity,NPP）可能是对气候变化反应最为敏感的生态环境因素之一,研究气候变化对NPP的影响可为保护及合理利用自然植被资源提供理论依据。本研究利用黑龙江省1961-2003年逐日气象资料,采用NPP综合研究模型和气候变化趋势分析的数学方法,研究了黑龙江省近43年来气候和自然植被NPP及其变化趋势的时空特征。结果表明,黑龙江省近43年来年平均气温和年降水量总体上呈增加趋势,年平均气温变率和年降水量变化趋势百分率10年分别为0.38 ℃和0.49%;日平均辐射量总体呈下降趋势,日平均辐射量变化趋势百分率10年为-0.86%,各地气候要素（年平均气温、年降水量、日平均辐射量）及变化趋势存在空间差异。自然植被NPP在时间变化上呈增加趋势,NPP的平均变率10年为0.077 t/hm2;自然植被NPP及其变化趋势存在空间差异。黑龙江省中、东部湿润且热量较好地区,自然植被NPP值较高;西部干旱地区和北部大兴安岭寒温带热量资源匮乏地区,自然植被NPP值较低。气候要素及其变化趋势的空间差异对自然植被NPP及其变化趋势的空间差异具有重要影响,自然植被NPP的时间分布特征与黑龙江省年平均气温、年降水量的时间分布特征基本一致;在黑龙江省近43年来气温趋势增高的背景下,自然植被NPP变率的空间变化与年降水量变化趋势百分率的空间变化基本一致,限制黑龙江省自然植被NPP的主要原因是水分供应相对不足,在黑龙江省西部地区松嫩平原表现特别明显。自然植被NPP的变率与年平均气温变率、年降水量变化趋势百分率呈正相关,与日平均辐射量变化趋势百分率呈负相关。 |
| 关键词: 黑龙江省 自然植被NPP 气候变化 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所项目“近50年来黑龙江省生态环境变化趋势及影响研究”(200503) |
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| Impact of climate change trend on natural vegetation net primary productivity in Heilongjiang Province |
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| Abstract: |
| Natural vegetation net primary productivity (NPP) is likely to be one of the most sensitive ecological environment factors for climate change feedback,the study of climate change impact on NPP may provide theory gist for protecting and intelligently using natural vegetation resources.With daily meteorological data of Heilongjiang Province from 1961 to 2003,based on natural vegetation NPP synthetical model and mathematical analysis of the climatic change trend,the time and spacial distribution characteristics of the climate and natural vegetation NPP and their change trend were studied in Heilongjiang Province from 1961 to 2003.The results show that,the yearly average air temperature and yearly rainfall respectively tend to increase as a whole in Heilongjiang Province from 1961 to 2003,yearly average air temperature change rate and yearly rainfall change trend percent are respectively 0.38 ℃ and 0.49％for ten years,daily average radiation shows lowering trend as a whole,the change trend percent of daily average radiation is -0.86％ for ten years,the spacial differences of every area climate factors (yearly average air temperature,yearly rainfall and daily average radiation) and their change trends are different.The natural vegetation NPP shows increasing trend in time change,the average change rate is 0.077 t/hm2 for ten years;the spatial differences of natural vegetation NPP and its change trend are different.Middle and eastern regions of Heilongjiang Province have wet and good temperature resource,the natural vegetation NPP is higher,west drought regions are lack of rainfall,north Daxinganling cold temperature zone region is lack of temperature resource,and their natural vegetation NPP are lower.The spacial differences of climate factors and its change trend have important impact on the spacial differences of natural vegetation NPP and its change trend,their time change characteristics are basically accordant between natural vegetation NPP and yearly average air temperature and yearly rainfall.Under the background of air temperature warming trend in Heilongjiang Province from 1961 to 2003,their spacial change characteristics are basically accordant between natural vegetation NPP change rate and yearly rainfall change trend percent,the main limited factor to natural vegetation NPP is relative water shortage in Heilongjiang Province,and western Songnen plain of Heilongjiang Province is specially severe.The change rates of natural vegetation NPP have positive correlation with yearly average air temperature change rate and yearly rainfall change trend percent,amd they show negative correlation with daily average radiation change trend percent. |
| Key words: Heilongjiang Povince natural vegetation NPP climate change |
