| 摘要: |
| 利用统计指数因素分析模型，对2000和2003年我国生猪饲养业不同饲养方式的生产成本进行了实证分析。结果表明，分散饲养50 kg生猪，2003年的生产成本较2000年增加了6.83%,折算金额为19.15元，主要是由于直接物质费用上升了7.69%和人工费用增加了5.09%,分别使生产成本增加了16.58元和3.08元；规模饲养50 kg生猪，其2003年的生产成本较2000年增加了8.74%,折算金额为23.79元，主要是由于直接物质费用上升了11.19%和人工费用降低了6.85%,分别使得生产成本增加了26.94元和降低了1.63元。直接物质费用和人工费用的增加主要是由于各项物资的价格及劳动日工价上涨所致。最后提出了鼓励发展中等规模的生猪饲养模式；大力发展饲料工业，加大工业反哺饲养业的力度；提高劳动效率,以减少劳动力成本；加强疫病防疫，降低疫病防疫项目费用等四项措施与建议。 |
| 关键词: 畜牧经济 生猪饲养业 饲养方式 分散饲养 规模饲养 生产成本 因素分析 |
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| 基金项目:西北农业科技大学校青年社科基金项目（080807） |
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| Cost change of hog production in China |
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| Abstract: |
| The position of hog feeding industry is important in Chinese livestock husbandry and the world pork market.This paper applied the factor analysis model to analyze the hog feeding of the year 2000 and year 2003.The result indicates that the production cost of hog dispersion raising in 2003 year increased by 6.83% (converted to 19.15 yuan) than that of 2000 year per 50 kilograms hog,the main reason was that direct material costs increased by 7.69% (converted to 16.58 yuan)and labor costs increased by 5.09%(converted to 3.08 yuan);the production cost of hog scale feeding in 2003 year increased by 8.74%(converted to 23.79 yuan) than that of 2000 year per 50 kilograms hog,the main reason was that direct material costs increased by 11.19% (converted to 26.94 yuan) and labor costs decreased by 6.85% (converted to 1.63 yuan).Direct material costs increased because of the higher price of direct material,and its labor costs increased because of the higher labor price.Finally,the paper put forward four correspondingly suggestions:encouraging farmer to develop the medium scale of raising hog,developing forage industry vigorously and increasing its supporting to raising field,raising labor efficiency in order to reduce the cost of labor force,strengthening the epidemic disease prevention,to reduce the cost of prevention epidemic disease and etc. |
| Key words: animal husbandry economy hog feeding feeding pattern dispersion raising scale raising cost production factor analysis |
