| 摘要: |
| 总状炭角菌是近几年危害鸡腿菇的一种重要杂菌。研究了温度、空气相对湿度、pH值、光照、营养、通气状况等对总状炭角菌菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发的影响。结果表明，该菌菌丝生长温度为10～37 ℃，最适温度25～30 ℃；分生孢子萌发温度为12～40 ℃，最适温度25～35 ℃；空气相对湿度要求在90％以上。菌丝生长的pH为2～11，最适pH为5～7；分生孢子萌发pH为3～11，最适为5～8。最有利于菌丝生长的碳源为麦芽糖和葡萄糖，氮源为酵母膏、蛋白胨、牛肉膏。仅含有20 g/L葡萄糖、20 g/L蔗糖或者纯水的基质不利于分生孢子萌发。固态基质和良好的通气条件有利于菌丝生长和孢子萌发。光照不利于菌丝生长，但对分生孢子萌发影响不大。菌丝致死温度47～50 ℃，分生孢子致死温度43～45 ℃。 |
| 关键词: 鸡腿菇 总状炭角菌 生物学特性 |
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| 基金项目:河南省教育厅基金项目 |
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| Biological characteristics of Infectious xylaria furcata on the bed of coprinus comatus |
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| Abstract: |
| Xylaria furcata is an important infectious fungi occurred on the cultivation bed of Coprinus comatus in these years.The effects of temperature,relative humidity,pH,light,carbon source and aeration condition on the mycelial growth and conidial germination of infectious Xylaria furcata were primarily studied.For the growth of mycelia,the range of temperature was 10-37 ℃,with the optimum of 25-30 ℃.The favorable pH was 3-10 with the optimum pH 5-7.For the germination of conidia,the range of temperature was 12-40 ℃,with the optimum 25-35 ℃,the range of pH was between 4-10,with the optimum pH 5-8,and the relative humidity must exceed 90%.Among the tested carbon and nitrogen sources,glucose,maltose,yeast extract,peptone,beef extract were useful for the growth of mycelia.20 g/L glucose or 20 g/L sucrose or Pure water was not good for germination.Solid media and aeration condition were favorable for its growth.Light inhibited growth of mycelia,but did not have significant effect on the germination of conidia.The lethal temperature for the mycelium was 47-50 ℃ and 43-45 ℃ for the conidia. |
| Key words: Coprinus cornatus Xylaria Jurcata biological characteristic |
