| 摘要: |
| 在全分布区现存云杉(Picea asperata)天然林资源和表型多样性调查的基础上，分层抽取10个群体，每群体30个个体，同步进行表型和同工酶两水平遗传多样性研究,并利用方差分析、多重比较、相关分析和聚类分析对17个表型性状进行了统计。结果表明，云杉种内表型变异丰富，群体间和群体内的遗传变异分别占30％和70％左右，群体间的变异主要呈纬度为主的梯度变异；同工酶变异的群体遗传学参数表明，云杉群体间的变异占总变异的31.78％，群体间的分化大，群体间的遗传距离与地理距离无显著相关关系（P=0.106＞0.05）。依据天然群体表型、同工酶水平遗传分化和聚类分析，并结合天然群体地理生态因子的聚类分析，可将现有云杉天然群体分为3个种源区和5个亚区。 |
| 关键词: 云杉 天然群体 表型变异 同工酶变异 种源区划分 |
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| 基金项目:国家“十五”科技攻关项目（2001BA511810；2002BA51580403） |
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| Genetic differentiation and Provenance Division of Natural Population in Picea asperata |
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| Abstract: |
| Picea asperata (PA) Mast.is one of the most important trees for production of pulp wood and timber.It is also a prime reforestation endemic species in the alpine and canyon regions of northwestern Sichuan province and southeastern Gansu province (100°～105°E,30°～35°N),which are important water self-restraint regions.Currently most populations were of typical fragmental distribution with genetic diversity gradually decreasing.Effective conservation is,therefore,needed.300 individuals of 10 populations(30 individuals per population) were used to conduct genetic diversity at morphology and isozyme levels, based on morphological diversity and analysis of the natural distribution in PA.Morphological differentiation among/within populations discussed based on 17 phenotypical traits analysis.The methods of variance analysis,multi-comparison,correlation analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to analyse morphological datas.The results of research showed that there was significant difference in morphological traits among populations and among individuals within the population.It also showed that the variation among populations (30.99%) was greatly smaller than that within populations (69.01%);The traits variation of natural populations within species affected mainly by latitude and altitude in spatial distribution;The results of population genetic parameters from isozyme marker showed that the higher level of differentiation (Fst=0.3178)among populations than those of other long-lived woody plants may result from fragmentation and low level of gene low (Nm=0.553 9) caused by environmental deterioration and serious human disturbance,including over-felling. Three provenances divisions(PD) and five sub-PD had been put forward for presentl natural populations in PA based on cluster analysis of morphological traits,isozyme population genetic parameters and geological ecological fators of populations. |
| Key words: Picea asperata natural population morphological variation isozyme variation provenance division |
