| 摘要: |
| 位于黄土丘陵沟壑区的延安市土地降水生产潜力6 312 kg/hm2，现实生产力1 899 kg/hm2，人均粮食占有量306 kg，仅达到我国规定的最低消费水平。按照国内外中高消费水平计算，现有人口已严重超载。认为当前增加粮食作物产量，提高土地人口承载力应该采取的措施是：加强基本农田建设，培肥土壤；调整作物结构和布局，建立合理的轮作制度；选育和推广优良品种；积极采取蓄水保墒耕作技术，合理施肥，发展集流农业和节水灌溉技术。 |
| 关键词: 黄土丘陵沟壑区 生产潜力 土地承载力 现实生产力 消费水平 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(49941005,30170790)；国家“九五”科技攻关项目(96-007-01-01-02) |
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| Discussion on land bearing capacity and improving methods in hilly and gully regions on the loess plateau--Yan'an as an example |
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| Abstract: |
| The land rainfall produce potentiality is 6 312 kg/hm2 and the land actual productivity is 1 899 kg/hm2 in Yan'an which lies in hilly and gully regions on the loess plateau,the average grain amount per capita is 306 kg which is not more than the lowest consumption standard in China.Counting by the middle and high standard of China and the world,population density is heavily overloaded now.It is considered the methods we should take now include:reinforcing basic farm land construction,fertilizing the soil；changing crop structure and distribution,founding rational system of crop-rotation breeding and extending improved varieties,taking actively tillage techniques for water storage,rationally applying of fertilizer,developing rainwater-collecting agriculture and water-saving irrigation techniques. |
| Key words: hilly and gully regions on the loess plateau land production potentiality land bearing capacity actual productivity consumption standard |
