| 摘要: |
| 生态系统不是孤立封闭的系统,它和外部环境有密切的联系,或者说它是存在于一定的背景条件下的。因此,生态系统既有其内在的、自身的发展过程,也有其受外部环境制约的一面。要认识生态系统的特征,只从系统本身着眼是不够的,还需要对其存在背景有一定的了解。本文概括地说明了生态环境地学背景的诸方面:(1)生态特征的地貌背景,分别从地形在现代气候形成中的作用;地形及其演化与气候及地表水旱环境演化的关系,对生物分布区形成的影响,对生物种群演化及对土壤形成发育的影响等方面作了论述。(2)生态特征的地质背景,主要包括母质和母岩、地下水、地磁及地质史等几方面,本文着重介绍了地磁倒转与生态演化及物种灭绝的关系、地质史与土壤生态的关系。 |
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| On the Elementary Knowledge of Geoscience Background in Ecological Environment |
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| Abstract: |
| The ecosystem is not a self-contained system, but it has close contact with external environment,or it can be said that ecosystem exists under a certain condition of the background.And hence, ecosystem has either interconnection with its developing process or constraint with external environment.In order to have a better understanding of econogical features, it is not enough to know ecosystem itself but to understand its background of its existence.This paper summarily showed various aspects of Geoscience background of ecological environment:(1) It deals with ecological features of geomorphological environment from the following aspects; i.e. topograthical function in formation of modern climate,relationships among topography and its evolution with climate and environmental evolution of surface runoff and droughts and their effects upon formation of biological community and soil formation and its development,etc. (2) Biological features mainly include parent materials and mother rocks / surface water/telluric magnetic force and geological history. This paper lays emphasis on the introduction of relationships among the inversion of telluric magnetic force and biological evolution as well as species eradication and relationship between geological history and soil ecology. |
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