| 摘要: |
| 【 目的】探究52份紫花苜蓿种质资源苗期耐盐碱性的差异，并筛选关键评价指标。【 方法】对175 mmol/L盐碱胁迫（NaCl 与Na2SO4物质的量比为9∶4），利用NaHCO3调节pH为8.3）下52个紫花苜蓿种质资源的11个生长及生理指标进行测定，通过变异分析、相关性分析、主成分分析、隶属函数分析和逐步回归分析，综合评价52份紫花苜蓿种质资源苗期的耐盐碱性，并筛选关键评价指标。【 结果】盐碱胁迫对紫花苜蓿各生长及生理指标影响显著，并且不同种质资源间存在较大差异。苗期各指标变异系数为7.30%-21.90%，其中干质量变异最大（21.90%），光系统Ⅱ最大光化学量子产量（Fv/Fm）变异最小（7.30%）。相关性分析显示，株高与茎粗、节数、叶面积、鲜质量呈极显著正相关（P<0 01），鲜质量与干质量正相关性最强（r=0.842），而相对电导率与Fv/Fm呈极显著负相关（r=-0.508）。主成分分析提取到7个主成分（累计方差贡献率88.546%），其中株高、茎粗等形态指标及Fv/Fm等生理指标贡献突出。根据隶属函数和综合评价值（D）排序，通过聚类分析将52份种质资源分为5个耐盐碱等级，其中强耐盐碱品种2个，不耐盐碱品种 1 个。【 结论】罗马尼亚和贝多叶为强耐盐碱品种；茎粗、干质量、Fv/Fm、株高、相对电导率、分枝数、鲜质量和SPAD等8个指标是评价紫花苜蓿苗期耐盐碱性的关键指标。 |
| 关键词: 紫花苜蓿 耐盐碱性 种质筛选 隶属函数法 聚类分析 |
| DOI：10. 13207/j. jnwafu. 2026. 11. 001 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（U24A20426） |
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| Evaluation of salt⁃alkali tolerance in seedling stage of 52 alfalfa germplasm resources |
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WANG Xiaotong, MA Yonglong, YANG Jinhui, YU Dongwen, TONG Yuhua, LI Shuxia
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School of Forestry and Grassland Science，Ningxia University，Yinchuan，Ningxia 750021，China
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| Abstract: |
| 【 Objective】This study aims to investigate the variation in salt-alkali tolerance and select key evaluation indicators among 52 alfalfa germplasm resources at the seedling stage.【Method】Eleven growth and physiological indices of 52 alfalfa germplasm resources were measured under 175 mmol/L salt-alkali stress（ mo-lar ratio of NaCl∶Na2SO4=9∶4，with pH adjusted to 8. 3 by NaHCO3）. The salt-alkali tolerance of these germ?plasms at the seedling stage was comprehensively evaluated using variation analysis，correlation analysis，princi?pal component analysis，membership function analysis，and stepwise regression analysis，aiming to identify key evaluation indicators.【Result】Salt-alkali stress significantly affected the growth and physiological indices of al?falfa，and considerable variation was observed among different germplasm resources. Variation analysis of seed?ling indices showed that the coefficients of variation ranged from 7. 30% to 21.90%，with dry weight exhibiting the highest variation（21.90%） and maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem Ⅱ（Fv/Fm） showing the lowest（7.30%）.Correlation analysis revealed that plant height was significantly and positively corre?lated with stem diameter，node number，leaf area，and fresh weight（P<0.01）.The strongest positive correla-tion was found between fresh weight and dry weight（r=0.842），while relative electrical conductivity showed a highly significant negative correlation with Fv/Fm（r=-0.508）. Principal component analysis extracted seven principal components with a cumulative contribution ratio of 88.546%，among which morphological indices such as plant height and stem diameter，as well as physiological indices including Fv/Fm，made prominent contribu-tions. Based on the membership function values and D-value ranking，cluster analysis classified the 52 germ?plasm resources into five salt-alkali tolerance grades，including two with high tolerance and one susceptible type.【Conclusion】Romania and Beiduoye were identified as highly salt-alkali tolerant cultivars. Through comprehen-sive evaluation combined with stepwise regression analysis，stem diameter，dry weight，Fv/Fm，plant height，rela-tive electrical conductivity，branch number，fresh weight，and SPAD were identified as key for evaluating salt-al-kali tolerance in alfalfa at the seedling stage. |
| Key words: alfalfa saline-alkali tolerance germplasm screening membership function method cluster analysis |
