| 摘要: |
| 【 目的】探究铵态氮添加对马尾松苗期主要生长性状的影响，解析基因型、铵态氮及二者交互作用对 马尾松苗木地径和苗高增长量的影响，为马尾松无性系差异化精准施肥和人工林培育提供理论依据。【 方法】以3个马尾松无性系C1、C2和C3为试验材料，设置对照（0.0 g/株，CK）、低氮（0.4 g/株，LN）、中氮（1.2 g/株，MN）和高氮 （2.4 g/株，HN）4个处理，通过定期测量不同处理马尾松的地径和苗高，分析铵态氮不同添加水平对马尾松无性系苗 木地径和苗高生长的影响。【 结果】3个马尾松无性系苗木地径和苗高在2-8月生长迅速，在8-12月生长速度逐渐 减缓，整体生长过程呈现先快后慢的“S”型增长。合理添加铵态氮促进了马尾松无性系苗木的生长，其中以中氮添加 促进作用最为显著。在整个观测期内（2-12 月），与CK相比，中氮处理3个马尾松无性系苗木地径和苗高生长量分别提高了36.3%-54.7%和72.6%-104.4%；添加高氮抑制了马尾松苗木的生长，其3个马尾松无性系苗木地径和苗高生长量分别降低了1.3%-13.3%和11.4%-24.0%。无性系C1在各铵态氮处理下均表现最优，其地径生长量较C2、C3分别提高了27.8%-57.6%和42.9%-58.4%，苗高生长量较C2、C3分别提高了31.7%-79.1%和15.2%-72.5%。基因型（无性系）、铵态氮及二者交互作用对马尾松苗木生长有显著影响，其中地径生长主要受基因型主导（相对贡献率75.3%），苗高生长更多受基因型与铵态氮交互作用调控（相对贡献率67.6%），铵态氮添加对苗高的相对贡 献率（19.5%）高于地径（8.3%）。【 结论】中、低水平铵态氮添加促进了马尾松无性系苗木地径和苗高的生长，高水平 铵态氮添加则抑制了马尾松无性系苗木地径和苗高的生长。马尾松无性系苗木生长性状对铵态氮的响应存在基因型 显著差异，其中地径生长可能更大程度受到遗传背景主导，苗高生长更多依赖于基因型与铵态氮互作。 |
| 关键词: 马尾松无性系 铵态氮 生长响应 森林培育 |
| DOI：10. 13207/j. jnwafu. 2026. 08. 005 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（32460382，32260381，31960311）；广西科技计划项目（桂科AB24010290，2024GXNSFDA010063， 2023GXNSFAA026449，2018GXNSFDA281020，2017GXNSFAA198037，桂科AD17195078）；广西林业科技推广项目（桂林科研［2025KX］第17号，桂林科研［2021］3号） |
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| Effects of exogenous ammonium nitrogen on the growth of Pinus massoniana clones during seedling stage |
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WANG Yin, YAO Ruiling
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Guangxi Laboratory of Forestry，Guangxi Forestry Research Institute，Nanning，Guangxi 530002，China
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| Abstract: |
| 【 Objective】The study aims to investigate the effects of ammonium nitrogen addition on the main growth traits of Pinus massoniana seedlings，and to analyze the effects of genotype，ammonium nitrogen，and their interaction on the growth of ground diameter and seedling height，providing theoretical basis for diffe-rential precision fertilization and plantation cultivation of P.massoniana clones.【Method】Three P.massoniana clones C1，C2 and C3 were used as experimental materials. Four treatments were set up：control （0.0 g/plant，CK），low nitrogen （0.4 g/plant，LN），medium nitrogen （1.2 g/plant，MN） and high nitrogen （2.4 g/plant，HN）. The effects of different ammonium nitrogen levels on the growth of ground diameter and seedling height of P. massoniana clones were analyzed by regularly measuring these growth parameters under different treat?ments.【Result】The ground diameter and height of all three P.massoniana clones exhibited a S-shaped growth pattern，characterized by rapid growth from February to August，followed by a gradual slowdown from August to December. The reasonable ammonium nitrogen addition promoted the growth of the clones，with the MN treatment having the most significant effect. During the whole observation period （February to December），compared with CK，the ground diameter and seedling height growth of the three clones under MN treatment increased by 36.3%-54.7% and 72.6%-104.4%，respectively. In contrast，HN addition inhibited the growth of P.massoniana seedlings，reducing ground diameter and seedling height growth by 1.3%-13.3% and 11.4%-24.0%，respectively. Clone C1 showed the best performance under all ammonium nitrogen treatments.Compared with C2 and C3，its ground diameter growth increased by 27.8%-57.6% and 42.9%-58.4%，respectively，while seedling height growth increased by 31.7%-79.1% and 15.2%-72.5%，respectively.Genotype （clone），ammonium nitrogen，and their interaction significantly influenced the growth of P.massoniana seedlings. Among them，the growth of ground diameter was mainly dominated by genotype （relative contri?bution rate 75.3%），and the growth of seedling height was more regulated by genotype and nitrogen interaction （relative contribution rate 67.6%）. The relative contribution rate of ammonium nitrogen addition to seedling height （19.5%） was higher than that to ground diameter （8.3%）.【Conclusion】Medium and low levels of am?monium nitrogen addition promoted the growth of ground diameter and seedling height of P.massoniana clones，whereas high nitrogen addition inhibited their growth. Significant genotypic differences existed in the response of growth traits to ammonium nitrogen. Specifically，ground diameter growth was likely more determined by genetic background，while seedling height growth was more influenced by the interaction between genotype and nitrogen. |
| Key words: Pinus massoniana clones ammonium nitrogen growth response silviculture |
