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| 耐盐砧木‘抗砧3号’对葡萄微嫁接苗光合作用的影响 |
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来英1, 乃国洁2, 闫浩凯2, 马蕾2, 李胜1,2,3, 马绍英4
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1.甘肃农业大学 生命科学技术学院，甘肃 兰州 730070;2.甘肃农业大学 园艺学院，甘肃 兰州 730070;3.甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730070;4.甘肃农业大学 实验室与实践基地管理中心，甘肃 兰州 730070
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| 摘要: |
| 【 目的】系统分析盐胁迫下葡萄耐盐砧木微嫁接苗光合作用的生理及分子响应机制，揭示耐盐砧木微 嫁接调控葡萄耐盐性的潜在机制。【 方法】以‘黑比诺’盐敏感葡萄为接穗，耐盐的‘抗砧3号’为砧木，通过微嫁接操作 获得嫁接苗，将‘黑比诺’自根苗、‘抗砧3号’自根苗及嫁接苗 3 种葡萄苗移栽到花盆中生长30 d后，用200 mmol/L NaCl处理6 d，测定并比较盐胁迫下‘黑比诺’自根苗和嫁接苗叶片的光合气体交换参数（Pn、Gs、Tr、Ci）、相对叶绿素含 量（SPAD）和叶绿素荧光参数（F0、Fm、Fv/Fm）的变化，并通过转录组测序分析‘黑比诺’自根苗和嫁接苗差异表达基因 （DEGs）及其响应特征，基于GO数据库和KEGG数据库对DEGs进行基因功能注释，选择6个DEGs进行RT-qPCR分析，以验证其与转录组数据的匹配性。【 结果】在 200 mmol/L NaCl处理6 d 后，与‘黑比诺’自根苗相比，嫁接苗Pn、Gs、Tr、Ci、SPAD、F0、Fm、Fv/Fm分别显著提升了101.2%，51.9%，51.4%，81.1%，40.7%，58.4%，51.5%和26.9%。 盐胁迫下嫁接苗和‘黑比诺’接穗自根苗共有2 704个共同DEGs。这些DEGs主要富集于生物过程、分子功能和细胞 组分3大类别，显著富集于光合作用-天线蛋白通路、光合作用通路和光合生物中的碳固定等通路，光合通路中关键基因LHCA6、LHCA5、LHCB4.1、LHCB5、ATPG、ATPD、ATPC、GAPC2和GAPC在嫁接苗中显著上调表达。RT-qPCR表明，盐胁迫下嫁接苗中关键差异基因LHCA5、LHCB5、ATPD、ATPC、GAPC2、GAPCP1的相对表达水平与 转录组测序 TPM 值变化趋势一致，佐证了转录组数据的可靠性。【 结论】在盐胁迫条件下，葡萄嫁接苗光合通路中关 键基因上调表达，光能捕获、电子传递效率和ATP/NADPH合成增强，Calvin循环中的碳固定过程得到优化，光能利 用效率与碳固定能力增强，光合性能得到显著改善。 |
| 关键词: 葡萄 耐盐砧木 微嫁接 盐胁迫 光合作用 叶绿素荧光 转录组分析 |
| DOI：10. 13207/j. jnwafu. 2026. 06. 017 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（25ZYJA033）；甘肃省重点人才项目（2023RCXM23） |
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| Effects of salt⁃tolerant rootstock‘ Kangzhen No. 3’ on photosynthesis of micro⁃grafted seedlings of grapevine |
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LAI Ying1, NAI Guojie2, YAN Haokai2, MA Lei2, LI Sheng1,2,3, MA Shaoying4
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1.College of Life Science and Technology，Gansu Agricultural University，Lanzhou，Gansu 730070，China;2.College of Horticulture，Gansu Agricultural University，Lanzhou，Gansu 730070，China;3.Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Arid Land Crop
Science，Gansu Agricultural University，Lanzhou，Gansu 730070，China;4.Management Center of Laboratories and Practical Bases，Gansu Agricultural University，Lanzhou，Gansu 730070，China
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| Abstract: |
| 【 Objective】This research aims to systematically analyze the physiological and molecular response mechanisms of photosynthesis in salt-tolerant grape rootstock micro-grafted seedlings under salt stress，to reveal the potential mechanisms by which salt-tolerant rootstock micrografting regulates grape salt tolerance.【Method】With‘ Pinot Noir’，a salt-sensitive grape variety，as the scion and‘ Kangzhen No.3’，which was salttolerant，as the rootstock，grafted seedlings were obtained through micrografting operations. Three types of grape seedlings，including‘ Pinot Noir’ own-rooted seedlings，‘Kangzhen No.3’ own-rooted seedlings，and grafted seedlings，were transplanted into flowerpots and cultivated for 30 days，then they were treated with 200 mmol/L NaCl for 6 days. The changes in photosynthetic gas exchange parameters（Pn，Gs，Tr，Ci），relative chlorophyll content（SPAD），and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters（F0，Fm，Fv/Fm） in the leaves of own-rooted ‘Pinot Noir’ seedlings and grafted seedlings under salt stress were determined and compared. Transcriptome sequencing was performed to analyze the differentially expressed genes（DEGs） and their response characteristics between own-rooted‘ Pinot Noir’ seedlings and grafted seedlings. Gene functional annotations of DEGs were conducted based on the GO database and KEGG database. Six DEGs were selected for RT-qPCR analysis to verify their consistency with the transcriptome data.【Result】After 6 days of treatment with 200 mmol/L NaCl，Pn，Gs，Tr，Ci，SPAD，F0，Fm and Fv/Fm of the grafted seedlings were significantly increased by 101.2%，51.9%，51.4%，81.1%，40.7%，58.4%，51.5% and 26.9% respectively，compared with those of the own-rooted seedlings of‘ Pinot Noir’. Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed 2 704 common DEGs between grafted seedlings and‘ Pinot Noir’ own-rooted seedlings under salt stress. GO functional annotation showed that these DEGs were mainly enriched in three categories：biological processes，molecular functions，and cellular components. KEGG analysis indicated that they were significantly enriched in pathways such as photosynthesis-antenna proteins pathway，photosynthesis pathway，and pathway of carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms. Key genes in photosynthetic pathways，including LHCA6，LHCA5，LHCB4. 1，LHCB5，ATPG，ATPD，ATPC，GAPC2，and GAPC，were significantly upregulated in grafted seedlings. The RT-qPCR results showed that the relative expression levels of key DEGs LHCA5，LHCB5，ATPD，ATPC，GAPC2，and GAPCP1 in grafted seedlings under salt stress were consistent with the change trends of TPM values in transcriptome sequencing，confirming the reliability of the transcriptome data.【Conclusion】Under salt stress conditions，key genes in the photosynthetic pathway of grafted seedlings were up-regulated，enhancing light energy capture，electron transport efficiency，and ATP/NADPH synthesis，optimizing the carbon fixation process in the Calvin cycle，improving light energy utilization and carbon fixation capacity，which indicated that the photosynthetic performance was significantly enhanced. |
| Key words: grapevine salt-tolerant rootstock micro-grafting salt stress photosynthesis chlorophyll fluo⁃ rescence transcriptome analysis |
