| 摘要: |
| 【 目的】研究不同生育时期樱桃番茄果实中糖分积累与代谢对不同钾钙比（物质的量比）营养液的生 理响应，为进一步揭示营养液钾钙比对果实糖代谢的影响机理提供理论依据。【 方法】以‘Saopolo’樱桃番茄品种为试 验材料，共设置17个处理（T1~T15、CK1、CK2），分别在植株幼苗期、开花坐果期和结果期浇灌不同钾钙比的营养液， 测定不同处理番茄白熟期、转色期和成熟期第 3 穗果实的糖分种类及其含量，同时测定糖代谢相关酶活性。【 结果】在樱桃番茄成熟期，果实葡萄糖和蔗糖含量均以T14处理最高，其葡萄糖含量较CK1、CK2分别增加了18.94%和20.89%，蔗糖含量分别增加了8.19%和55.70%；果糖含量以T11处理最高，较CK1、CK2分别显著增加了28.04%和45.49%；淀粉含量以T15处理最高，较CK1、CK2分别显著增加了217.86%和125.32%。不同处理各时期果实糖 代谢相关酶（中性转化酶、酸性转化酶、蔗糖合成酶、蔗糖磷酸合成酶）活性较CK1、CK2变化不同。随着果实成熟度的 提高，中性转化酶活性逐渐升高，至果实成熟期达到最高；酸性转化酶活性在果实各时期总体上高于其余3种酶；蔗糖 合成酶活性在果实各时期均高于蔗糖磷酸合成酶，但蔗糖磷酸合成酶活性变化幅度较小。【 结论】在番茄植株幼苗期 浇灌0.5倍剂量的标准营养液、在开花坐果期和结果期分别浇灌钾钙比为1.6∶1和1.7∶1的营养液（T11处理）对果糖 和蔗糖含量的提升效果均最佳；幼苗期和开花坐果期营养液钾钙比不变，在结果期采用钾钙比为2.0∶1的营养液进行 浇灌（T14 处理）对果实葡萄糖含量提升的综合表现最佳。 |
| 关键词: 樱桃番茄 营养液钾钙比 糖代谢 糖代谢相关酶 |
| DOI：10. 13207/j. jnwafu. 2026. 06. 013 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:山西省重点研发计划项目（202102140601015）；山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目（2024CYJSTX08-16）；山西农业大学“产学研融合推进工程”项目（2024CXYRH-401）；晋中国家农高区水果番茄智慧标准化技术研究教授、博士工作站项目
（JZNGQBSGZZ004） |
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| Effects of potassium⁃calcium ratio in nutrient solution on sugar metabolism and related enzyme activities in cherry tomato fruits |
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HE Yirong, SU Kaiqi, WANG Lilong, ZHOU Jiameng, ZHANG Yueqing, ZHANG Yuting, SUN Sheng, WANG Jun’e, XING Guoming
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College of Horticulture， Shanxi Agricultural University，Taigu， Shanxi 030801，China
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| Abstract: |
| 【 Objective】This study investigated the physiological responses of sugar accumulation and metabolism in cherry tomato fruits to nutrient solutions with different potassium-to-calcium molar ratios across different growth stages，providing a theoretical basis for further elucidating the regulatory mechanisms by which the potassium-to-calcium ratio in nutrient solutions affected sugar metabolism.【Method】Using‘ Saopolo’ as the test variety，a total of 17 treatments（T1- T15，CK1，CK2） were set up. Nutrient solutions with different potassium-calcium molar ratios were applied for irrigation at the seedling stage， flowering and fruit-setting stage，and fruiting stage. The types and contents of sugars in tomato fruits at the third spike white-ripe stage，color-changing stage，and maturity stage under different treatments were determined，and the activities of related sugar metabolism enzymes were also measured.【Result】When tomato plants at different growth stages were treated with nutrient solutions of different potassium-calcium ratios， the contents of glucose and sucrose in the mature fruits of the 3rd spike were the highest under treatment T14. Compared with CK1 and CK2，its glucose content increased by 18. 94% and 20.89%，respectively. The sucrose content increased by 8.19% and 55. 70%，respectively. The fructose content was the highest under treatment T11， which significantly increased by 28.04% and 45.49% compared with CK1 and CK2，espectively. The starch content was the highest under treatment T15，which significantly increased by 217. 86% and 125. 32% compared with CK1 and CK2，respectively. For different treatments，the activities of sugar metabolism-related enzymes（ neutral invertase， acid invertase，sucrose synthase，sucrose phosphate synthase） in fruits at various stages showed different patterns of change compared with CK1 and CK2. With the increase in fruit maturity，the activity of neutral invertase gradu?ally increased and reached the highest at the maturity stage. In general，the activity of acid invertase was higher than that of the remaining three enzymes at all fruit stages. The activity of sucrose synthase was higher than that
of sucrose phosphate synthase at all fruit stages，but the range of activity change of sucrose phosphate synthase was smaller.【Conclusion】Treatment T11，which used 0.5 times the standard nutrient solution dosage at the seedling stage and nutrient solutions with potassium-calcium ratios of 1.6∶1 and 1.7∶1 during the flowering and fruit-setting stage and fruiting stage，respectively，was most effective in improving fructose and sucrose contents.Meanwhile，treatment T14，which maintained the same potassium-calcium ratios of nutrient solutions at the seedling stage and flowering and fruit-setting stage，using a nutrient solution with a ratio of 2.0∶1 during the fruiting stage demonstrated the optimal comprehensive performance in enhancing glucose content. |
| Key words: cherry tomato nutrient solution potassium-to-calcium ratio sugar metabolism sugar metabolism-related enzymes |
