| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究干旱胁迫对3种紫堇属植物生理及光合特性的影响，比较3种紫堇属植物的抗旱性，以期为紫堇属植物的抗旱性育种和栽培应用提供理论依据。【方法】以紫堇、伏生紫堇、珠芽尖距紫堇为试验材料，采用盆栽试验，分别设置正常供水（CK，土壤相对含水量为75%~80%）、轻度干旱（LD，土壤相对含水量为60%~65%）、中度干旱（MD，土壤相对含水量为45%~50%）、重度干旱（SD，土壤相对含水量为30%~35%）4个处理，测定不同处理3种紫堇属植物叶片的各项生理指标和光合基本参数，并运用主成分分析法和隶属函数法对3种紫堇属植物的抗旱性进行评价。【结果】随着干旱胁迫程度的加重，3种紫堇属植物的叶片相对含水量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度均呈下降趋势，而相对电导率、丙二醛（MDA）和脯氨酸含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性及胞间CO2浓度则呈上升趋势。紫堇的可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量以及过氧化氢酶（CAT）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性均随着干旱胁迫加重呈上升趋势。随着干旱胁迫的加重，伏生紫堇的可溶性糖含量呈上升趋势，可溶性蛋白含量呈先下降后上升趋势，POD活性呈先上升后下降趋势，CAT活性呈波动上升趋势；珠芽尖距紫堇的可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量都呈先下降后上升趋势，CAT、POD活性都呈先上升后下降趋势。主成分分析法和隶属函数法分析结果表明，3种紫堇属植物的抗旱性从强到弱依次为紫堇＞伏生紫堇＞珠芽尖距紫堇。【结论】干旱胁迫对3种紫堇属植物叶片的生理和光合特性有明显影响。为节约养护成本，建议在城乡绿地中栽培抗旱性较强的紫堇。 |
| 关键词: 干旱胁迫 紫堇属 生理特性 光合特性 抗旱性 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.12.018 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目“乡村植物景观营造及应用技术研究”（2019YFD1100404） |
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| Effects of drought stress on physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of three species of Corydalis |
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DAI Wenjing, DING Yanfen, ZHAO Yi, ZHOU Yang, FAN Haoyu
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College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210037,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The drought resistance of 3 species of Corydalis was compared to provide theoretical basis for drought resistance breeding and cultivation application of Corydalis.【Method】With C.edulis,C.decumbens and C.sheareri as experimental materials,four water gradients of normal water supply (CK),mild drought (LD),moderate drought (MD) and severe drought (SD) were set up to determine the physiological indexes and basic photosynthetic parameters of 3 species of Corydalis.The drought resistance of 3 species of Corydalis was evaluated by principal component analysis and membership function method.【Result】With the increasing of drought stress,the relative water content,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of the leaves of the three species of Corydalis decreased,while the relative conductivity,malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline content,superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and intercellular CO2 concentration increased.The soluble sugar and soluble protein content,catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activity increased in C. edulis with the aggravation of drought stress.With the aggravation of drought stress,the soluble sugar content increased,the soluble protein content decreased first and then increased,the POD activity increased first and then decreased,and the CAT activity wavelike increased in C.decumbens.With the aggravation of drought stress,the contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein decreased first and then increased, and the activities of CAT and POD increased first and then decreased in C.sheareri.The results of principal component analysis and membership function showed that the drought resistance of the three species of the genus Corydalis was ranked as:C.edulis>C.decumbens>C.sheareri.【Conclusion】Drought stress showed significant effects on physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of leaves of 3 species of Corydalis.In order to save maintenance cost,it is suggested to cultivate drought-resistant C.edulis in urban and rural green areas. |
| Key words: drought stress Corydalis physiological characteristics photosynthetic characteristics drought resistance |
