| 摘要: |
| 【目的】设计废菌棒脱袋粉碎机并进行作业参数优化试验，为实现机械一体化脱袋和粉碎作业及废菌棒的循环利用提供支持。【方法】根据废菌棒结构特点和处理要求，对废菌棒脱袋粉碎机进行了整机及关键部件设计，依照Box Behnken试验设计原理，以进料辊转速、进料辊与割刀间距及输送辊转速为自变量，菌袋脱净率、粉碎合格率、生产效率为响应值，构建各因素与指标之间的数学模型并采用综合评分法确定最佳工作参数。【结果】影响废菌棒脱袋粉碎机综合性能的主要因素依次为输送辊转速、进料辊与割刀间距、进料辊转速。以多指标综合评分最大为优化目标，得到圆整后的最优进料辊转速为230 r/min，进料辊与割刀间距为132 mm，输送辊转速为350 r/min，对应的综合评分为89.17分。在此优化作业参数条件下的验证试验表明，菌袋脱净率均值为94.0%，粉碎合格率均值为93.5%，生产效率均值为539.7 kg/h，综合评分均值为89.03分，与理论综合评分值的平均相对误差为1.86%。【结论】所设计的废菌棒脱袋粉碎机作业性能良好，满足废菌棒脱袋和粉碎作业的工作需求。 |
| 关键词: 废菌棒 脱袋粉碎机 作业参数优化 循环利用 机械装备 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.11.005 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目“川渝瘠薄坡耕地土壤多源增碳消障产品与技术”（2022YFD1901404）；重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目“高山菜地土壤障碍消减与高效养分管理技术研究与应用”（CSTB2022TIAD-CUX0020）；重庆市农业科学院市级财政科研项目“食用菌废菌棒脱袋及粉碎关键技术及装备研究”（NKY-2022AC014） |
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| Design and optimized operating parameters for used bacteria stick debagging and crushing machine |
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ZHANG Tao, DAI Cong, YANG Qinghui, LIANG Tao, TANG Xinglong
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Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chongqing 401329,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study aimed to design used bacteria stick debagging and crushing machine,and to optimize its operating parameters,thereby providing support for the realization of an integrated mechanical system for debagging,crushing operations,and the recycling of used bacteria stick.【Method】Based on the structural characteristics and processing requirements of the used bacteria stick,the overall design and key components of the used bacteria stick debagging and crushing machine were developed.According to the Box-Behnken experimental design principle,a regression model was established using feed roller speed,roller-cutter clearance,and conveyor roller speed as independent variables,with bag removal rate,crushing qualification rate,and production efficiency as response values.The optimal parameter combination was determined by comprehensive scoring method.【Result】The factors influencing overall machine performance in descending order of significance were conveyor roller speed,roller-cutter clearance,and feeding roller speed.Optimization targeting maximum composite desirability yielded rounded parameters:feed roller speed at 230 r/min,roller-cutter clearance of 132 mm,and conveyor roller speed at 350 r/min,achieving a theoretical comprehensive score of 89.17.Validation trials under these optimized operating parameters demonstrated an average bag removal rate of 94.0%,a mean crushing qualification rate of 93.5%,a mean productivity was 539.7 kg/h,resulting in a mean comprehensive score of 89.03.The average relative error,compared with the theoretical comprehensive score,was 1.86%.【Conclusion】The used bacteria stick debagging and crushing machine exhibited satisfactory operational performance, fulfilling the technical requirements for bag removal and crushing processes. |
| Key words: used bacteria stick debagging and crushing machine operational parameters optimization cyclic utilization mechanized equipment |
