| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究控水促根和稀播育长叶龄壮根苗实现延迟移栽的可行性。【方法】以云烟87为材料，设置长叶龄壮根苗培育方式（控水促根）和烟苗延迟移栽（稀播长龄）两个因素，研究不同处理烤烟的根系性状指标、根系活力、鲜烟叶SPAD值、地上部生长指标、干物质积累量和根冠比，采用η2值评价了控水促根和稀播长龄烟苗及其互作对烤烟生长的影响。【结果】采用控水促根和稀播长龄壮根苗延迟移栽有利于烤烟根系生长，增加根系长度、根表面积、根直径、根体积和根尖数，提高根系活力；有利于烤烟地上部生长，增加株高和叶面积，提高烤烟打顶期鲜烟叶SPAD值；有利于烤烟干物质积累，提高地下部和地上部干物质积累量，但对根冠比影响不显著。控水促根和稀播长龄及其互作对烤烟根系生长的贡献率分别为25.27%，47.75%和26.98%，对烤烟根系活力的贡献率分别为38.17%，47.12%和14.72%，对烟叶SPAD值的贡献率分别为44.77%，34.85%和20.38%，对烤烟地上部生长的贡献率分别为17.56%，60.41%和22.03%，对干物质积累的贡献率分别为14.18%，77.94%和7.88%。【结论】在南方多雨稻作烟区，采用扩大育苗盘孔径、苗强壮菌剂促根、前漂后湿控水管理等育苗措施来培育长叶龄壮根烟苗，可实现延迟移栽，有利于促进烤烟早生快发。 |
| 关键词: 控水促根 长叶龄壮根苗 延迟移栽 烤烟生长 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.10.004 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:湖南省创新平台和人才计划 湖湘英才项目(2020RC3073);湖南省烟草公司衡阳市公司科技项目（HYYC2022KJ17）；浙江中烟科技重点项目（ZJZY2023B001） |
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| Effects of delayed transplanting of the long-aged and strong-root seedlings on the growth of field flue-cured tobacco |
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WANG Can1, XIA Bing2, XU Zhiqiang3, WEN Weikang1, XIANG Penghua1, WANG Weimin3, JIANG Zhimin3, XIAO Zhipeng1, ZENG Huiyu1, DENG Xiaohua2
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1.Hengyang Branch of Hunan Tobacco Province Company,Hengyang,Hunan 421000,China;2.College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Huanan 410128,China;3.China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co.Ltd,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310008,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This research aimed to explore the feasibility of delaying the translplanting of long-aged and strong-root seedlings by controlling water to promote root and sparse sowing.【Method】With Yunyan 87 as the material,two factors were set:the cultivation method for long-aged and strong-root seedlings (water control for root promotion) and delayed transplanting of tobacco seedlings (sparse sowing of long-aged tobacco seedlings) to investigate the effects of different treatments on root traits,root vitality,SPAD value of fresh tobacco leaves,aboveground growth indicators,dry matter accumulation,and root-to-shoot ratio of flue-cured tabacco.η2 value was used to evaluate the impact of water control for root promotion and sparse sowing of long-aged tobacco seedlings,as well as their interaction on tobacco growth.【Result】Water control for root promotion and delaying transplantation of long-aged and strong-root seedlings under sparse sowing could promote root growth,leading to increased root length,surface area,diameter,volume,root tips and root activity.The growth of the above-ground parts of tobacco was also promoted,with increased plant height and leaf area,and higher SPAD value of flue-cured tobacco at the topping period.Furthermore,dry matter accumulation of flue-cured tobacco was also promoted,with both root and above ground dry matter accumulation increase,but no significant effect on the root to shoot ratio.The contribution rates of water control for root promotion,sparse sowing of long-aged seedlings and their interaction on root growth of flue-cured tobacco were 25.27%, 47.75% and 26.98%,respectively.Their contribution rates to root activity were 38.17%,47.12%,and 14.72%,respectively.Their contribution rates to SPAD values were 44.77%,34.85%,and 20.38%,respectively.Their contribution rates to the above-ground growth of flue-cured tobacco were 17.56%,60.41%,and 22.03%,respectively.Their contribution rates to dry matter accumulation were 14.18%,77.94%,and 7.88%,respectively.【Conclusion】In the rainy paddy-tobacco growing region of the southern China,it is possible to delay transplanting and adapt to the climate instability by using the measures such as enlarging the hole diameter of seedling,promoting root with microbial agents,and controlling water by early floating seedling and later moist seedling cultivation,which are beneficial for promoting early growth and rapid development of flue-cured tobacco. |
| Key words: control water to promote root long-aged and strong root seedlings delayed transplanting growth of flue-cured tobacco |
