| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究蚯蚓粪与化肥配施对黄花菜生长、产量及土壤肥力的影响，筛选蚯蚓粪与化肥配施的最佳比例，以期为黄花菜产业高质量发展提供参考。【方法】以‘大同黄花’为供试品种，设置CK（不施肥）、CF（100%化肥氮）、T20（20%蚯蚓粪氮+80%化肥氮）、T40（40%蚯蚓粪氮+60%化肥氮）、T60（60%蚯蚓粪氮+40%化肥氮）、T80（80%蚯蚓粪氮+20%化肥氮）和T100（100%蚯蚓粪氮）共7个处理，测定不同处理黄花菜生长、生理、产量以及土壤指标，分析了以上指标的相关性，并采用隶属函数法对7个处理的综合效果进行了评价。【结果】与处理CK 相比，处理CF和T20～T100均明显促进黄花菜植株的生长，其中处理T40的株高、冠幅、叶宽和叶片数均最大，而处理T20的叶长最大，处理T60的叶基部宽最大。与处理CK 和CF相比，处理T20～T100黄花菜植株地上部和地下部的干鲜比分别提高了0.36%～23.73%和1.62%～56.16%。与处理CK和CF相比，处理T20～T100的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量和根系活力均明显提高，其中处理T20的总叶绿素含量最高，处理T40的根系活力最大。与处理CK和CF相比，处理T20～T100的黄花菜单薹花蕾数、花蕾长度、花蕾直径、单花蕾鲜质量和产量均有明显增加，其中处理T40的以上指标总体最大。与处理CF相比，处理T20~T100不仅明显提高了土壤含水量和碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量，而且总体提高了土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、蛋白酶活性，以上指标总体以处理T40最高。相关性分析结果显示，黄花菜生长、产量指标与土壤理化性质均呈正相关关系。综合评价结果显示，7个处理中，处理T40对黄花菜生长、生理、产量和土壤肥力的提升效果最优。【结论】蚯蚓粪与化肥配施可以促进黄花菜的生长，提高黄花菜的产量以及土壤肥力，其中以处理T40的效果为最佳。 |
| 关键词: 黄花菜 蚯蚓粪 化肥 产量 土壤肥力 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.07.012 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目“黄花菜绿色高效生产技术模式研发与推广”（2021YFD1600301 4）；山西省设施蔬菜提质增效协同创新中心项目（2023CXYRH 041） |
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| Effects of combined application of vermicompost and chemical fertilizer on growth,yield and soil fertility of daylily |
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LIU Yulan, KAN Yiqin, LI Mingli, XING Guoming, SUN Sheng
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College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu,Shanxi 030801,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effects of combined application of vermicompost and chemical fertilizer on the growth,yield and soil fertility of daylily were explored,and the optimal ratio of vermicompost and chemical fertilizer was screened to provide reference for the high-quality development of daylily industry.【Method】With ‘Datong Huanghua’ as the test variety,seven treatments were set up:CK (no fertilization),CF(100% chemical fertilizer nitrogen),T20 (20% vermicompost nitrogen +80% chemical fertilizer nitrogen),T40 (40% vermicompost nitrogen+60% chemical fertilizer nitrogen),T60 (60% vermicompost nitrogen+40% chemical fertilizer nitrogen),T80 (80% vermicompost nitrogen+20% chemical fertilizer nitrogen) and T100 (100% vermicompost nitrogen).The growth,physiology,yield of daylily and soil indicators under different treatments were measured,and the correlation between the above indicators was analyzed.Finally,the comprehensive effects of seven treatments were evaluated by membership function method.【Result】Compared with CK,CF and T20-T100 treatments significantly promoted the growth of daylily plants.The plant height,crown width,leaf width and leaf number of T40 were the highest,the leaf length of T20 was the highest,and the leaf base width of T60 was the highest.Compared with CK and CF,the dry-to-fresh ratio of the above-ground and below-ground parts of the treated daylily plants in treatments T20-T100 increased by 0.36%-23.73% and 1.62%-56.16%,respectively.Compared with CK and CF,the contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,total chlorophyll,carotenoid and root activity of daylily plants in treatments T20-T100 were significantly increased.The total chlorophyll content of T20 was the highest,and the root activity of T40 was the highest.Compared with CK and CF,the number of single shoot bud,the length of flower bud,the diameter of flower bud,the fresh mass of a single flower bud and the yield of daylily in treatments T20-T100 significantly increased,with the highest observed in T40 for all the above indicators.Compared with CF treatment,T20-T100 treatments not only significantly increased soil moisture content,alkaline dissolved nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium content,but also increased soil sucrase,urease and protease activities.The above indicators were the highest in T40 treatment.The results of correlation analysis showed that the growth and yield indicators of daylily were positively correlated with soil physical and chemical properties.The comprehensive evaluation results showed that among the seven treatments,T40 showed the best effect on promoting the growth,physiology,yield and soil fertility of daylily.【Conclusion】The combined application of vermicompost and chemical fertilizer can promote the growth of daylily,increase the yield of daylily and soil fertility,and the effect of T40 is the best. |
| Key words: daylily vermicompost chemical fertilizer yield soil fertility |
