| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探索不同栽培时期适宜使用的秀珍菇品种，为秀珍菇精准化栽培提供依据。【方法】以8个秀珍菇菌株为试验材料，研究不同栽培时期（2月、3月、4月）对秀珍菇12个农艺性状和产量的影响，并对培养温度和农艺性状、产量间的相关性进行分析。【结果】在不同栽培时期处理中，随着培养时间的延后，平均温度、最高温度和最低温度均在养菌期和后熟期呈逐渐升高趋势；温差则是在养菌期呈逐渐升高趋势，在后熟期呈先升后降的趋势。从秀珍菇生长情况和产量方面来看，与3月和4月相比，2月栽培的秀珍菇菌株的菌丝生长速度慢，满袋时间长，菌盖厚实、色深，菌柄粗壮，黄菇病发生率低而产量高。在不同栽培时期，秀珍菇菌株的生长情况也存在显著差异，其中2月栽培的杭秀2号菌株产量和A级菇比率高，而黄菇病发生率低，3月栽培的杭秀2号和4月栽培的台秀菌株产量高。Pearson分析发现，产量与养菌期和后熟期温度均呈极显著负相关；而养菌期温度和后熟期温度分别与菌丝生长速度、菌盖长与菌柄长比和黄菇病发生率呈极显著正相关，而与接种至子实体发生时间、满袋时间、菌丝封面时间、菌柄直径、菌盖厚度、菌盖形状、菌盖颜色、菌肉质地和产量呈极显著负相关。【结论】在夏季设施化秀珍菇栽培模式中，2月生产秀珍菇在产量、子实体性状和抗黄菇病等方面均优于3月和4月。不同生产时期适宜使用的秀珍菇品种有所不同，其中在2月和3月适宜使用杭秀2号菌株，4月适宜使用台秀菌株。 |
| 关键词: 秀珍菇栽培 农艺性状 秀珍菇产量 栽培时期 栽培温度 |
| DOI：DOI:10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.06.014 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:浙江省农业重大技术协同推广项目（2021XTTGSYJ01-1,2023ZDXT08-3） |
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| Effects of cultivation periods on agronomic traits and yield of Pleurotus pulmonarius |
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SONG Jiling1, CHEN Qing2, ZHANG Chuanwei3, ZONG Tingxuan2, YUAN Weidong1, YU Bin4
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1.Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310024,China;2.Zhejiang Agricultural Technical Extension Center,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310020,China;3.Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Anqiu City,Anqiu,Shandong 262100,China;4.Hangzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310001,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This research aimed to explore the suitable varieties of Pleurotus pulmonarius for different cultivation periods,to provide a basis for the precise cultivation of P. pulmonarius.【Method】Eight strains of P. pulmonarius were selected as experimental materials to study the effects of different cultivation periods (February,March and April) on 12 agronomic traits and yields of P. pulmonarius,and to analyze the correlation between cultivation temperatures,agronomic traits and yields.【Result】In treatments of different cultivation periods,the average,maximum and minimum temperatures showed a tendency to increase gradually in the fruiting period and post-ripening period with the delay of cultivation time.The temperature difference showed a tendency to increase gradually at the mycelial growth stage,and then decrease in the post-ripening period.The strains cultivated in February showed slow mycelial growth,long full bag time,thick and dark cap,thick and sturdy stipe,low incidence of yellow rot disease and high yield compared with those in March and April.Significant difference was observed in growth and yield among different periods and strains.The ‘Hangxiu No.2’ cultivated in February showed a higher yield,a higher rate of A-grade fruiting body and a lower incidence of yellowing rot disease.While the ‘Hangxiu No.2’ cultivated in March and the ‘Taixiu’ cultivated in April showed a higher yield.Pearson analysis showed that the yield was negatively correlated with the temperatures during the incubation period and the post-ripening period.The temperatures in the incubation period and the post-ripening period were positively correlated with the growth rate of mycelium,the ratio of the width of the cap to the length of the stipe,and the incidence of the yellow-rot disease respectively.And the temperatures in the incubation stage and the post-ripening stage were negatively correlated with the time from inoculation to fruiting,the time that the mycelia were full of the mushroom bag,the time that the mycelia covered the surface of the substrate,stipe diameter,cap thickness,cap shape,cap color,mushroom texture and yield.【Conclusion】In the summer facility-based cultivation mode,the cultivation in February was better than that in March and April in terms of yield,fruiting traits and resistance to yellow rot disease.Different varieties were suitable for different growth periods,with the ‘Hangxiu No. 2’ suitable for February and March,and the ‘Taixiu’ strain for April. |
| Key words: cultivation of Pleurotus pulmonarius agronomic traits yield of Pleurotus pulmonarius cultivation periods cultivation temperature |
