| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究西伯利亚落叶松（Larix sibirica）凋落物对其种子萌发的影响，为阿勒泰地区西伯利亚落叶松的天然更新与人工修复提供理论依据。【方法】模拟阿尔泰山大萨孜林区野外自然环境下西伯利亚落叶松凋落物的不同覆盖方式与所释放化感物质影响西伯利亚落叶松种子萌发和幼苗生长的过程；采用室内发芽试验，以蒸馏水与无凋落物覆盖的方式为对照（CK）,探讨西伯利亚落叶松不同体积分数（10%，40%，80%，100%）的凋落物（火烧与未火烧）浸提液、凋落物的不同覆盖方式与厚度（分别在1，2，4 cm厚凋落物的上、中、下方放入落叶松种子）对其种子萌发与幼苗生长的影响。【结果】①随着未火烧浸提液体积分数的增加，西伯利亚落叶松种子的发芽率、发芽势、活力指数均呈下降趋势，只有在10%时对各发芽指标起促进作用。而火烧浸提液显著促进了西伯利亚落叶松种子萌发，体积分数为80%时发芽率最高为35%，比CK提高60.3%；体积分数为100%时种子的发芽势和活力指数最高，分别为29%和6.5，较CK提高34.1%和210%。②随着凋落物厚度增加，西伯利亚落叶松各发芽指标均呈下降趋势。当种子底层覆盖1 cm凋落物时促进了种子萌发，发芽率、发芽势、活力指数分别为56.0%，50.0%和128.0，比CK提高了115.3%，127.1%和161.1%。③不同覆盖方式下，随着凋落物厚度的增加，西伯利亚落叶松幼苗的生长也受到抑制，其中种子底层覆盖1 cm凋落物时，幼苗的地上、地下生物量分别为0.06，0.022 g，比CK提高了20.7%，57.6%，其它处理则低于CK，但差异不显著。【结论】凋落物是影响西伯利亚落叶松种子萌发与幼苗生长的重要因素，通过调整凋落物的覆盖方式、厚度，以及采用适当火烧等人工干扰措施，可有效促进种子萌发与幼苗生长，有利于西伯利亚落叶松的天然更新。 |
| 关键词: 阿尔泰山 西伯利亚落叶松 物理阻隔 种子萌发 化感作用 森林更新 |
| DOI：DOI:10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.06.006 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家科技部第三次新疆综合科学考察项目（2022xjkk0804） |
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| Impact of litter on natural regeneration of Larix sibirica |
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YERNAZHAER Yermekbay1,2, ZHANG Yan2, LI Li2, XU Hailiang2, ZHAO Shanchao3
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1.College of Life Sciences,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China;2.Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China;3.Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Natural Forest Protection Center，Urumqi,Xinjiang 831399,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This research aimed to investigate the impact of decomposed Larix sibirica material on seed germination and seedling growth so as to provide a theoretical foundation for the natural regeneration and artificial restoration of L.sibirica in the Altay region.【Method】The germination and growth processes of L.sibirica seeds were simulated in the field under natural conditions in Dasazi,Altay,which were affected by different coverings and thicknesses of withered L.sibirica material,and the release of chemosensory substances.The study employed a germination test,with distilled water and no withered material covering as controls (CK).The effects of different volume fractions of decomposed leaf material (fire and unfire) extract (10%,40%,80%,and 100%) and different thicknesses of withered material (1,2,and 4 cm) on seed germination and seedling growth were assessed.【Result】①As the concentrations of unfired extract increased,the germination rate,germination potential,and vigor index of L.sibirica seeds generally decreased,except at the concentration of 10%,which showed a promotion effect.Conversely,fire extract significantly enhanced germination,with the highest germination rate (35%) observed at 80% volume fraction,representing a 60.3% increase compared to CK.At 100% volume fraction,the germination potential and seed vigor index were the highest,showing increases of 34.1% and 210%,respectively,compared to CK.②Increased thickness of apoplastic material generally led to decreased germination indices.However,a 1 cm apoplastic cover significantly promoted seed germination,with the germination rate,germination potential,and vigor index of 56.0%,50.0% and 128.0,showing increases of 115.3%,127.1%,and 161.1%,respectively,compared to CK.③Seedling growth was inhibited by increasing apoplastic thickness under various mulching methods.Notably,seedlings had higher above-ground (0.06 g) and below-ground biomass (0.022 g) with a 1 cm apoplastic cover,representing increases of 20.7% and 57.6% compared to CK,respectively.Other treatments showed lower biomass than CK,though differences were not statistically significant.【Conclusion】Apoplastic material significantly influences the seed germination and seedling growth of L. sibirica.Adjusting the covering method and thickness of apoplastic material,along with artificial interventions such as controlled fire,can effectively enhance seed germination and seedling growth,promoting the natural regeneration of L. sibirica. |
| Key words: Altay Mountains Larix sibirica physical barrier seed germination allelopathy forest renewal |
