| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究生物有机肥和间作对饲用油菜、苏丹草产量与品质的影响，为内蒙古沿黄灌区饲草多样化种植和饲用作物高效生产提供理论依据和技术支持。【方法】试验于2022-2023年在内蒙古鄂尔多斯市进行，在不施肥和施用生物有机肥（用量1 500 kg/hm2）2种施肥措施下，设置饲用油菜单作、苏丹草单作、饲用油菜苏丹草间作3种种植模式，比较不同处理间饲草产量（鲜草、干草及蛋白产量）和品质（粗蛋白含量、中性和酸性洗涤纤维含量、可消化性干物质含量、干物质采食量及饲草相对饲用价值）的差异，计算土地当量比（LER）、拥挤系数及苏丹草相对于饲用油菜的竞争力。【结果】间作处理的苏丹草产量显著提高（P＜0.05），饲用油菜产量小幅降低。间作能够降低饲草的中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量，提高饲草的干物质采食量和可消化性干物质含量，进而提高饲草相对饲用价值。生物有机肥能够提升饲用油菜苏丹草间作系统饲草的饲用品质，提高优势物种苏丹草的粗蛋白含量，从而提高间作系统饲草的蛋白产量。间作处理的土地当量比（LER）大于1，说明饲用油菜苏丹草间作具有明显的土地利用优势。种间关系表明，苏丹草是间作系统中的优势物种，生物有机肥能够优化间作系统的种间竞争，从而提升饲草产量。【结论】施用生物有机肥和饲用油菜苏丹草间作可实现饲草产量和品质的协同提高，适宜在内蒙古沿黄灌区推广。 |
| 关键词: 生物有机肥 间作 苏丹草 饲用油菜 内蒙古沿黄灌区 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.04.002 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:内蒙古自治区科技计划项目（2022YFXZ0031）；鄂尔多斯市科技重大专项（2022EEDSKJZDZX011） |
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| Effect of bio-organic fertilizer and cropping patterns on the yield and quality of forage rape and Sudangrass |
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LI Leilei1, LI Lijun1, YANG Jinhu1, ZHANG Yanli1, WANG Peipei1, ZHANG Hongjie1, ZHU Lihua2, ZHAO Guoqing2, LIU Xiaoyan2, HONG Ling3
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1.College of Agronomy,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Huhhot,Inner Mongolia 010019,China;2.Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Ordos,Inner Mongolia 017000,China;3.Ordos City Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Detachment,Ordos,Inner Mongolia 017000,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study aimed to investigate the effects of bio-organic fertilizer and intercropping on the yield and quality of forage rape and Sudangrass and provide theoretical support and technical assistance for diversified forage planting and efficient forage production in the irrigation areas along the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia.【Method】The experiment was conducted in Ordos City,Inner Mongolia,from 2022 to 2023.Under two fertilization treatments of no fertilizer and application of bio-organic fertilizer (at a rate of 1 500 kg/hm2),three cropping patterns were established:monoculture of forage rape,monoculture of Sudangrass,and intercropping of forage rape and Sudangrass.The differences in forage yield (fresh grass,hay grass,and protein yield) and quality (crude protein content, neutral and acid detergent fiber content,digestible dry matter content, dry matter intake,and relative feed value) among the different treatments were compared.Additionally,the land equivalent ratio (LER),relative crowding coefficient,and aggressivity of Sudangrass compared to forage rape were calculated.【Result】The yield of Sudangrass in the intercropping treatment significantly increased (P<0.05),while the yield of forage rape slightly decreased. Intercropping reduced the neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber content of forage,increased dry matter intake and digestible dry matter content, and consequently improved the relative feeding value of forage.Bio-organic fertilizer improved the feed quality and crude protein content of Sudangrass,the dominant species,so as to increase the protein yield of forage in the intercropping system.The LER of the intercropping treatment was greater than 1,indicating significant land use advantages of forage rape-Sudangrass intercropping. The interspecific relationship showed that Sudangrass was the dominant species in the intercropping system,and bio-organic fertilizer could optimize interspecific competition in the intercropping system,thereby increasing forage yield.【Conclusion】The application of bio-organic fertilizer achieved synergistic improvements in both the yield and quality of forage in forage rape-Sudangrass intercropping systems,suitable for promotion in the irrigation areas along the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia. |
| Key words: bio-organic fertilizer intercropping Sudangrass forage rape irrigation districts along Yellow River in Inner Mongolia |
