| 摘要: |
| 【目的】了解烤烟箱式烘烤过程中热湿环境与叶间隙风速的变化，为实现箱式烘烤的精准控制提供参考。【方法】 采用气流上升式烤房，利用传感器实时监测并记录烤房不同位点的温湿度及风速，并通过CCD工业相机采集烟叶图像，测定叶片皱缩率，分析烤房内热湿环境的均匀性及叶间隙风速的变化。【结果】随着烘烤进程的推进，箱体内部低温区面积逐渐减小，温度呈现箱体下部>中部>上部，高湿区逐渐由箱体中部向箱体上部移动，烘烤后期相对湿度表现为箱体上部>中部>下部，在装烟室不同区域，箱体距离加热室越近此规律变化越明显。随着烘烤进程的推进，烟叶烘烤过程中箱体内外温湿差逐渐减小，温度差由5 ℃降至2~3 ℃，相对湿度差降低23个百分点。不同位点烟叶的叶间隙风速表现为箱体下部>中部>上部、干筋阶段>定色阶段>变黄阶段。不同时期风速变化范围分别为变黄期（0~60 h）(0.05±0.05) m/s，定色期（72~120 h）(0.15±0.10) m/s，干筋期（132~180 h）(0.25±0.12) m/s。在变黄、干筋阶段，叶间隙风速变化的主要互作因素为相对湿度，在定色阶段的主要互作因素为叶片皱缩率。【结论】烤房热湿环境及叶间隙风速分布不均，在不同烘烤阶段对叶间隙风速变化的主要互作因素不同，在烘烤过程中可有目的地对烘烤工艺进行调整，优化烤房环境，以期提高箱式烘烤烤后烟叶质量。 |
| 关键词: 烟草 箱式烘烤 热湿环境 叶间隙风速 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.03.013 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国烟草总公司河南省公司资助项目“箱式烟叶烘烤技术体系优化研究”（2023410000240027）；河南中烟工业有限责任公司资助项目“河南烟叶提质增香烘烤技术的优化与推广”（2022410000340099） |
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| Analysis of temperature and humidity environment and wind speed of leaf gap during box-type flue-curing |
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SONG Zonghao1, WANG Aixia2, ZHAO Haobin3, WANG Yafei2, LIU Jianjun3, LU Xiaochong1, TI Jinsong1, DUAN Weidong1,2
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1.College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002,China;2.China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co.Ltd.,Zhengzhou,Henan 450016,China;3.Henan Branch of China National Tobacco Corporation,Zhengzhou,Henan 450018,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study aimed to explore the changes in the heat and humidity environment and wind speed between blades during box-type flue-curing,and to provide a reference for accurate control of box-type flue-curing.【Method】The experiment was conducted in an up-flow oven,and the temperature, humidity and wind speed at different points of the oven were monitored and recorded by sensors in real-time.The leaf images were collected by a CCD industrial camera,the leaf shrinkage rate was measured,and the uniformity of the heat and humidity environment in the oven and the change of wind speed in the leaf gap were analyzed.【Result】The area of low-temperature zone inside the box gradually decreased with flue-curing,the temperature presented the lower part of the box>the middle>the upper part,the high humidity area gradually moved from the middle of the box to the upper part of the box,the relative humidity in the late flue-curing period was displayed as the upper part of the box>the middle>the lower part,and the closer the box was to the heating chamber in different areas of the smoke chamber,the more obvious the change of the rule was.As the baking process progressed,the temperature and humidity difference inside and outside the tobacco oven gradually decreased,with the temperature difference dropping from 5 ℃ to 2-3 ℃ and the relative humidity difference decreasing by 23 percentage points.In the analysis of wind speed at different points,the wind speed followed the rule of the lower part of the box>middle part>upper part,dry bar stage>fixed color stage>yellowing stage.The variation range of wind speed in different periods was yellowing period (0-60 h) (0.05±0.05) m/s,fixed color period (72-120 h) (0.15±0.10) m/s,dry stiffening period (132-180 h) (0.25±0.12) m/s.Relative humidity was the main interaction factor for the change of wind speed at the yellowing and drying stages,and the main interaction factor was leaf shrinkage rate at the fixed color stage.【Conclusion】The distribution of heat and humidity environment in the oven and the wind speed between leaves was uneven,and the main interaction factors on the change of wind speed between leaves were different in different flue-curing stages.The flue-curing process can be adjusted purposefully in the flue-curing process to optimize the oven environment,so as to improve the smoke quality after box-type flue-curing. |
| Key words: tobacco box-type flue-curing hot and humid environment wind speed of leaf gap |
