| 摘要: |
| 【目的】筛选适合陕西关中地区种植的优质高产大棚黄瓜品种，为当地黄瓜生产提质增效奠定基础。【方法】对不同来源的20个黄瓜品种（富农一号、富农四号、奥宝新秀、油亮先锋、津优1号、欧美夏秋、夏盛、博耐35B、津耘六号、津早19、中农28、富阳二号、盛绿十三、荷兰35、中农脆玉3号、荷兰83-16、荷兰3099、摩登5号、甜脆13、玛莎702）进行区域栽培试验，以当地主栽品种津优1号为对照，调查不同黄瓜品种的生长指标、发育状况、抗病性、产量等农艺性状，并测定可溶性固形物、VC、特征香气含量等品质指标，最后采用隶属函数法对各品种上述指标进行综合分析，筛选综合表现最优的黄瓜品种。【结果】20个黄瓜品种的株高为160.81～246.30 cm，以中农脆玉3号最高；茎粗为8.15～13.01 mm，以夏盛最粗；地上部鲜质量为507.42～903.05 g/株，以摩登5号最高；地下部鲜质量为7.94～17.23 g/株，以中农28最高；地上部干质量为69.62～141.36 g/株，以甜脆13最高；地下部干质量为2.41～5.47 g/株，以中农28最高；始花期为定植后21～37 d，以荷兰83-16最早；第一雌花节位在1～6节，以中农脆玉3号、荷兰3099、摩登5号和玛莎702最低；节成性为68.75%～89.58%，以富农一号和富农四号最高；畸形瓜率为9.07%～16.67%，以富农一号最低；所有参试品种对白粉病、霜霉病、枯萎病均呈现高抗，对靶斑病除荷兰35呈现抗病外，其余品种均呈现高抗；各品种早期产量为6.32～24.02 t/hm2，以荷兰35最高；总产量为64.21～106.67 t/hm2，以富农四号最高；可溶性固形物含量为2.40%～4.43%，以中农脆玉3号最高；VC含量为10.47～26.24 mg/hg，以荷兰35最高；反,顺-2,6-壬二烯醛含量为0.78～15.25 μg/g，以中农脆玉3号最高。隶属函数法综合评价结果表明，中农脆玉3号排序第1。【结论】对引进的20个黄瓜品种的综合评价结果表明，中农脆玉3号的田间性状与品质指标整体表现优良，可作为陕西关中地区优质的大棚黄瓜品种引进并推广。 |
| 关键词: 黄瓜品种 品种筛选 产量与品质 隶属函数法 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.03.004 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:科技部重大专项子课题（XZ202202YD0002C）；陕西省重点研发计划项目（2021ZDLNY03-04）；陕西省农业农村厅项目（2023NYGG008） |
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| A comprehensive evaluation of cucumber cultivars in plastic tunnel in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province based on membership function method |
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MA Zhaoyang1, YANG Yuying1, CAO Yun’e1, CHEN Shuxia2
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1.College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University/Shaanxi Engineering Reswarch Center for Vegetables,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;2.College of Enology and Horticulture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750000,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study screened high-quality and high-yielding cucumber cultivars in plastic tunnel suitable for planting in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province to lay the foundation for improving the quality and efficiency of local cucumber cultivation.【Method】Twenty cucumber cultivars including Funong 1,Funong 4,Aobao Rookies,Youliang Xianfeng,Jinyou 1,Oumei Xiaqiu,Xia Sheng,Bonai 35B,Jinyun 6,Jinzao 19,Zhongnong 28,Fuyang 2,Shenglv 13,Holland 35,Zhongnong Cuiyu 3,Holland 83 16,Holland 3099,Modern 5,Tiancui 13 and Marsha 702 were collected for regional cultivation experiments. With the local main cultivar Jinyou 1 as the control,the growth indexes,development status,disease resistance,yield and other agronomic characteristics of different cucumber cultivars were investigated,and the quality indexes such as soluble solids,contents of vitamin C and characteristic aroma were determined.Finally,the membership function method was used to comprehensively analyze the above indexes of various cultivars,and the cultivars with the best comprehensive performance were screened.【Result】The plant height of the twenty cucumber cultivars was 160.81-246.30 cm,with the highest in Zhongnong Cuiyu 3.The thick stems was 8.15-13.01 mm,with the thickest in Xia Sheng.The fresh mass above ground parts was 507.42-903.05 g/plant,with the heaviest in Modern 5.The fresh mass underground parts ranged from 7.94-17.23 g/plant,with the heaviest in Zhongnong 28.The dry mass above ground parts was 69.62-141.36 g/plant,and the heaviest was Tiancui 13.The dry mass underground parts was 2.41-5.47 g/plant,and the heaviest was Zhongnong 28.The first flowering period was 21 to 37 d after planting, with the earliest being Holland 83-16.The first female flower node was in sections 1-6,with the lowest in Zhongnong Cuiyu 3,Holland 3099,Modern 5,and Marsha 702.The probability of commercial cucumbers per node ranged from 68.75% to 89.58%,with the highest in Funong 1 and Funong 4.The misshapen cucumber rate ranged from 9.07% to 16.67%,and the lowest was Funong 1.All the tested cultivars showed high resistance to powdery mildew,downy mildew and blight.Holland 35 showed resistance to target spot disease,and the other cultivars were highly resistant to target spot disease.The early production of cultivars ranged from 6.32-24.02 t/hm2,and the highest was Holland 35.The total production was 64.21-106.67 t/hm2,and the highest was Funong 4.The soluble solids content was 2.40%-4.43%,with the highest in Zhongnong Cuiyu 3.The VC content ranged from 10.47 to 26.24 mg/hg,with the highest in Holland 35.The content of 2,6 Nonadienal,(E,Z) ranged from 0.78 to 15.25 μg/g,with the highest in Zhongnong Cuiyu 3.Based on the comprehensive analysis of membership function,the results showed that Zhongnong Cuiyu 3 performed best.【Conclusion】The comprehensive evaluation results of 20 introduced cucumber cultivars showed that Zhongnong Cuiyu 3 had excellent performance in field characters and quality indexes,which could be introduced and promoted as a high-quality cucumber cultivated in plastic tunnel in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province. |
| Key words: cucumber cultivars variety screening production and quality membership function method |
