| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究刺槐魔芋复合经营模式下，与刺槐根系不同程度分隔处理的魔芋根际土壤真菌群落组成及其功能，为刺槐与魔芋复合经营模式的可持续发展提供科学依据。【方法】以刺槐与魔芋间作方式为研究对象，采用两室根箱隔网装置，A室种植刺槐，B室种植魔芋，并应用盆栽根系分隔技术设置塑料膜分隔、尼龙网分隔和不分隔3个处理。每个处理采用抖根法采集魔芋根际土壤样品3份，共采集9份土壤样品。按照试剂盒操作步骤提取魔芋根际土壤DNA，紫外测定和电泳检测分析提取DNA的质量浓度和纯度，通过PCR扩增和ITS rDNA区域标记扩增子的Illumina NovaSeq 6000测序及Funguild预测，分析不同分隔处理的魔芋根际土壤的真菌群落组成和功能类群。【结果】高通量测序获得413个魔芋根际真菌OTU，分属9门25纲53目102科155属167种；获得163个丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF) OTU，分属1门3纲4目6科7属16种。尼龙网分隔和不分隔处理魔芋根际土壤真菌和AMF的Shannon指数和Chao 1指数均显著高于塑料膜分隔处理。不同分隔处理下魔芋根际土壤真菌的优势门均为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)，优势属均为瓶毛壳属(Lophotrichus)、镰刀菌属(Fusarium)、球囊霉属(Glomus)和类球囊霉属(Paraglomus)。与塑料膜分隔处理相比，不分隔处理魔芋根际轮状镰刀菌(Fusarium nematophilum)和热带念珠菌(Candida tropicalis)的相对丰度增加，而腐皮镰刀菌(Fusarium solani)、Ceratobasidium ramicola、C. cornigerum和大双孢土赤壳(Ilyonectria macrodidyma)的相对丰度降低。不同分隔处理下魔芋根际土壤真菌的营养类型均以腐生营养型为主(相对丰度为41.52%~63.66%)，不分隔处理下魔芋根际土壤中共生营养型真菌的相对丰度为7.93%，显著高于其他处理，且主要以内生真菌和外生真菌为主；塑料膜分隔处理下魔芋根际土壤中植物病原菌(相对丰度为12.36%)、动物病原菌(相对丰度为1.95%)的相对丰度显著高于其他处理。【结论】在刺槐与魔芋间作体系中，种间根系互作越紧密，魔芋根际真菌和AMF多样性越高，根际有害真菌的相对丰度越低。 |
| 关键词: 魔芋 刺槐 根际真菌 真菌功能类群 间作模式 分根处理 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.02.013 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31901468）；陕西省技术创新引导专项（2021QFY12-03）；安康市科学技术研究发展计划项目（AK2022-NY-04，AK2020-CQ01-1）；安康学院专项（2023AYKCYZ05） |
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| Community composition and function prediction of fungi in the rhizosphere soils of Amorphophallus konjac under different root separation conditions |
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HE Fei, CUI Ming, LI Chuan, RUAN Jia, WANG Meng, JIANG Hao, MA Xingguang, WANG Zhuo, DING Longfei, ZHANG Shiwan, LÜ Lianxin
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School of Modern Agriculture & Biotechnology,Ankang University,Ankang,Shaanxi 725000,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】In this study,we explored the effects of root barriers on community composition and functional groups of rhizosphere soil fungi of konjac (Amorphophallus konjac) in an black locust/konjac intercropping system,in order to provide a scientific basis for the sustainable development of the agroforestry system.【Method】The intercropping method of black locust and konjac was used as the research object.A two-compartment rhizobox was used to cultivate black locust in compartment A and konjac in compartment B.The root separation technique was applied to set up three treatments:complete separation using a plastic film (monocropping,without root exudate exchange or root interaction),semi-separation employing a nylon mesh (semi-cropping,with root exudate exchange but no root interaction),and non-separation (intercropping,with root exudate exchange and root interaction).For each treatment,three konjac rhizosphere soil samples were collected by shaking root method,and a total of nine soil samples were collected.The DNA of konjac rhizosphere soil was extracted according to the operation procedure of the kit, and the concentration and purity of the DNA were analyzed by UV spectroscopy and gel electrophoresis.PCR,Illumina NovaSeq 6000 sequencing of ITS rDNA region marker amplicons and Funguild were performed to investigate the community composition and function group of fungi in the rhizosphere soil of konjac,respectively.【Result】A total of 413 fungal OTUs were obtained,belonging to 9 phyla,25 classes,53 orders,102 families,155 genera and 167 species,including 163 arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) OTUs belonging to 1 phyla,3 classes,4 orders,6 families,7 genera and 16 species.The Shannon and Chao 1 indices of the AMF and fungi in the rhizosphere soil of konjac under mesh separation treatment and without root barrier were significantly higher than those of the plastic membrane separated treatment.The dominant phylum of fungi in konjac rhizosphere soil under different root separation modes was Ascomycota,and the dominant genera were Lophotrichus,Fusarium,Glomus and Paraglomus.The relative abundance of Fusarium nematophilum and Candida tropicalis was significantly increased in the rhizosphere soil of konjac with no root barrier treatment compared with the plastic membrane treatment,whereas the species with enhancement were Fusarium solani,Ceratobasidium ramicola,C.cornigerum,and Ilyonectria macrodidyma.Saprotroph was the main fungal functional group across all the three treatments (relative abundance was 41.52%-63.66%).A higher relative abundance of symbiotroph fungi was identified in rhizosphere soil (relative abundance was 7.93%) of konjac compared to other treatments.The main guilds with the increasing abundance were endophyte and ectomycorrhizal fungi.However,significantly higher abundances of plant pathogens (relative abundance was 12.36%),and animal pathogens (relative abundance was 1.95%) were detected in the rhizosphere soil of konjac under the plastic membrane treatment compared to others.【Conclusion】In the black locust/konjac intercropping system,the closer the interspecific root interaction,the higher the diversity of fungi and AMF in konjac roots,and the lower the relative abundance of harmful fungi in the rhizosphere. |
| Key words: Amorphophallus konjac Robinia pseudoacacia rhizosphere fungi functional groups of fungi intercropping pattern root separation |
