| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究安康地区茶叶硒含量空间分布特征及根施硒肥对茶叶硒含量的提升作用，为富硒茶的科学栽培提供参考。【方法】以来自陕西安康市汉滨区、紫阳县、平利县等9区县的521份茶叶样品为对象，分析安康地区不同区域茶叶硒含量的分布特征；从安康9区县采集107组茶叶及其根际土壤，分析二者硒含量的相关性；采用小区根施硒肥试验，研究施硒量（0，225，450和675 g/hm2）和施硒后时长（0，1.5，3，16和26月）对茶叶硒含量的影响。【结果】①521份茶叶样本硒含量的变幅为0.003～3.99 mg/kg，变异系数为157.35%，安康地区不同区域茶叶硒含量空间分布差异较大，整体呈现“南高北低”趋势。参照陕西省地方标准DB 61/T 556－2018和国家农业行业标准NY/T 600－2002中的富硒茶判定依据，安康地区茶叶富硒率分别为41.46%和25.14%。②安康地区茶叶与其根际土壤硒含量呈极显著正相关关系（R=0.729 3，P＜0.01），土壤硒含量达到0.49和0.85 mg/kg时，茶叶硒含量分别为0.15和0.25 mg/kg，达到了富硒茶DB 61/T 556－2018和NY/T 600－2002标准。茶叶硒生物富集系数为0.06～1.44，变异系数为74.11%，各取样点茶叶硒生物富集能力存在较大差异，茶叶硒生物富集系数与其根际土壤硒含量相关性不显著（R=－0.170 8，P＞0.05）。③根施硒肥225 g/hm2后1.5个月，茶叶硒含量从施硒前低于0.11 mg/kg提高到0.28 mg/kg以上，连续2年均可达到富硒茶DB 61/T 556－2018标准，茶树根部施硒量和施硒时长对茶叶硒含量有极显著影响（P＜0.01）。【结论】 安康地区茶叶硒含量呈现“南高北低”趋势。对于土壤硒含量低于0.49 mg/kg的茶园，建议采茶前1.5个月根施硒肥225 g/hm2以提高茶叶硒含量。 |
| 关键词: 富硒茶 硒含量分布 硒肥后效 安康茶区 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.02.009 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目（2024NC-YBXM-038，2023XCZX2-61，2021NY-043）；安康市科学技术研究发展计划项目（AK2023-NY-12） |
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| Study on the spatial distribution of selenium content and the after-effects of selenium fertilizer in tea in Ankang area,Shaanxi Province |
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DU Xiaoping1, WEI Changhua2, ZHANG Lijun1, XIA Zengrun1, SONG Shiqin1, LIU Qiaofei3, TANG Dejian1, ZHU Xiaoni4, LÜ Jinyin5
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1.Ankang R&D Center for Seenriched Products,Key Laboratory of Seenriched Products Development and Quality Control of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shaanxi Guoxigu R&D Center for Seenriched Products Co.,Ltd,Ankang,Shaanxi 725000,China;2.Ziyang Zhongdida Selenium Technology Co.,Ltd,Ankang,Shaanxi 725300,China;3.School of Modern Agriculture & Biotechnology,Ankang University,Ankang,Shaanxi 725000,China;4.Ziyang Selenium Resources Development Institute,Ankang,Shaanxi 725300,China;5.College of Life Sciences,Northwest A＆F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the distribution characteristics of tea selenium content and the after-effects of selenium fertilizer in tea in Ankang area to provide reference for the scientific cultivation of selenium-enriched tea.【Method】The distribution characteristics of tea selenium content in different regions of Ankang were analyzed based on 521 samples from 9 districts and counties of Ankang,including Hanbin District,Ziyang County,Pingli County,etc.The correlation of selenium content of tea and its rhizospheric soil was analyzed by collecting 107 sets of samples from 9 districts and counties of Ankang.Plot experiment of root application of selenium fertilizer was conducted to study the effect of selenium application amount (0,225,450 and 675 g/hm2) and selenium application duration (0,1.5,3,16 and 26 months) on the selenium content of tea.【Result】① The selenium content of 521 tea samples varied,ranging from 0.003 to 3.99 mg/kg,with a coefficient of variation of 157.35%.The spatial distribution patterns of selenium content in tea varied greatly in different regions of Ankang,with the overall feature in Angkang area as a whole to be “high in the southern counties and low in the northern counties”.According to the reference standard of selenium-enriched tea in Shaanxi local standard DB 61/T 556－2018 and national agricultural industry standard NY/T 600－2002,the point selenium enrichment rates of tea in Ankang was 41.46% and 25.14%,respectively.②Tea selenium content was highly significantly and positively correlated with its rhizospheric soil selenium content (R=0.729 3,P<0.01).When the soil selenium content reached 0.49 and 0.85 mg/kg,the selenium content of tea was 0.15 and 0.25 mg/kg,respectively,which reached the standards of selenium-enriched tea of DB 61/T 556－2018 and NY/T 600－2002.The selenium bioconcentration factor of tea ranged from 0.06 to 1.44,and the coefficient of variation is 74.11%.There was a large variation in the selenium bioconcentration ability of tea samples.The linear relationship between the selenium bioconcentration factor of tea and its rhizospheric soil selenium content was not significant (R=－0.170 8,P>0.05).③1.5 months after root application of 225 g/hm2 selenium fertilizer,the selenium content of tea increased from below 0.11 mg/kg to above 0.28 mg/kg,which reached the standard of selenium-enriched tea of DB 61/T 556－2018 for two consecutive years.The amount and duration of root application of selenium had a highly significant effect on selenium content of tea (P＜0.01).【Conclusion】 The selenium content distribution of tea in Ankang region was characterised by “high in the southern counties and low in the northern counties”.Root application of 225 g/hm2 selenium fertilizer 1.5 months before tea harvesting was the best mode for tea gardens with soil selenium content lower than 0.49 mg/kg. |
| Key words: selenium enriched tea selenium content distribution selenium after-effects Ankang tea area |
