| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探明外源茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）对镉胁迫马铃薯光合生理特性及块茎产量的影响。【方法】采用盆栽试验，以200 μmol/L CdCl2胁迫下的马铃薯品种大西洋为试验材料，共设不喷施MeJA（CK）、喷施0.1 μmol/L MeJA（T1）、喷施1 μmol/L MeJA（T2）、喷施10 μmol/L MeJA（T3） 4个处理，分别于苗期、开花期、薯块膨大期和成熟期取样，分析MeJA对镉胁迫马铃薯叶片叶绿素（叶绿素a（Chla）、叶绿素b（Chlb）、叶绿素a+b（Chl（a+b））含量、光合指标（净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、胞间CO2浓度（Ci））、叶绿素荧光参数（初始荧光（F0）、最大荧光产量（Fm）、可变荧光（Fv）、PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量（Fv/Fm））、块茎产量及其镉含量的影响，并分析了马铃薯叶片叶绿素含量、光合指标、叶绿素荧光参数与产量的相关性。【结果】在马铃薯苗期、开花期、薯块膨大期和成熟期，与CK相比，喷施MeJA均可以提高镉胁迫马铃薯叶片的叶绿素含量及Pn、Gs、Tr、F0、Fm、Fv和Fv/Fm，降低Ci。在同一时期的4个MeJA处理中， T2处理马铃薯叶片的叶绿素含量、Pn、Gs、Tr、F0、Fm、Fv、Fv/Fm总体最高，Ci最小。喷施不同浓度MeJA对镉胁迫马铃薯块茎产量和及其镉含量有明显影响，与CK相比，T1、T2、T3处理马铃薯的块茎产量显著增加了21.14%，34.60%和16.91%，块茎镉含量显著下降了48.09%，57.02%和38.70%。相关性分析表明，马铃薯产量与Chla、Chlb、Chl(a+b)、Pn、Tr呈显著正相关。【结论】外源MeJA能够改善镉胁迫马铃薯叶片的光合作用，提高块茎产量，其中以1 μmol/L MeJA处理效果最优，可有效缓解镉胁迫对马铃薯造成的不利影响。 |
| 关键词: 马铃薯栽培 茉莉酸甲酯 镉胁迫 光合荧光特性 块茎产量 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2024.08.009 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（32260455，32060441，32201810）；2022年甘肃省优秀研究生“创新之星”项目（2022CXZXS-027,2022CXZXB-037）；国家现代农业产业技术体系项目（CARS-09-P14） |
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| Effects of exogenous MeJA on photosynthetic physiology,chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and tuber yield of potato under cadmium stress |
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YONG Nan1, WANG Yong1, ZHANG Ruyan1, ZHAO Xuerui1, SUN Dexiang1, SHI Mingfu1, KANG Yichen1, ZHANG Weina1, LIU Yuhui2, QIN Shuhao1
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1.College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;2.State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the effects of exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on photosynthetic physiological characteristics and tuber yield of potato under cadmium stress.【Method】‘Atlantic’ potato under 200 μmol/L CdCl2 stress was planted in pots with four treatments of spraying 0(CK),0.1(T1),1(T2) and 10 μmol/L MeJA (T3).Samples were collected at seedling,flowering,potato swelling and ripening stages to analyze MeJA leaf chlorophyll indexes (chlorophyll a (Chla),chlorophyll b (Chlb) and chlorophyll a+b (Chl(a+b)),photosynthetic indexes (net photosynthetic rate (Pn),stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci)) and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (initial fluorescence (F0),dark adapted maximum fluorescence (Fm),variable fluorescence (Fv) and MAS maximum photochemical quantum yield of PSⅡ (Fv/Fm)) of cadmium stress potato,as well as tuber yield and its cadmium content.The correlations of chlorophyll contents,photosynthetic indexes,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and yield were also analyzed.【Result】At seedling,flowering,tuber expansion and maturity stages,MeJA increased chlorophyll contents,Pn,Gs,Tr,F0,Fm,Fv and Fv/Fm,while reduced Ci in Cd stressed potato leaves compared to CK.T2 had the highest values of chlorophyll contents,Pn,Gs,Tr,F0,Fm,Fv and Fv/Fm and the lowest Ci value.MeJA spraying had significant effects on yields of Cd-stressed potato tubers and their Cd contents.Compared with CK,tuber yields of T1,T2 and T3 treatments were significantly increased by 21.14%,34.60% and 16.91%,and tuber Cd contents were significantly decreased by 48.09%,57.02% and 38.70%,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that tuber yield was significantly and positively correlated with Chla,Chlb,Chl(a+b),Pn and Tr.【Conclusion】Exogenous MeJA improved photosynthesis in potato leaves under Cd stress and increased tuber yield,and the 1 μmol/L MeJA treatment was the most effective in alleviating adverse effects of Cd stress. |
| Key words: potato cultivation Methyl jasmonate（MeJA） Cd stress photosynthetic fluorescence properties tuber yield |
