| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究不同肥料配比对柚木幼树生长及叶片养分和叶绿素含量的影响，为确定适宜的柚木施肥方案提供参考。【方法】以柚木幼林为研究对象，采用随机区组试验设计，设置5种配比施肥处理（0.25 kg/株氮磷钾复合肥+0.25 kg/株钙镁磷肥（T1）、0.25 kg/株钙镁磷肥+2.50 kg/株有机肥（T2）、0.25 kg/株氮磷钾复合肥+0.25 kg/株氧化镁+10.00 g/株硼肥（T3）、0.25 kg/株氮磷钾复合肥（T4）、0.25 kg/株氮磷钾复合肥+1.50 kg/株钙镁磷肥（T5）），以不施肥处理为对照(CK），分析不同施肥处理柚木幼树生长量及叶片养分和叶绿素含量的变化，运用隶属函数法对不同处理的施肥效应进行综合评价。【结果】①与CK相比，不同配比施肥处理均可以提高柚木的树高、胸径和材积平均增量，其中均以T5处理柚木的树高、胸径和材积平均增量最高，较CK分别提高了44.81%，82.02%和108.72%。②与CK相比,不同配比施肥处理柚木叶片全N、全K、交换性Ca含量均无显著变化，但叶片全P、交换性Mg含量显著提升，叶片N/P值显著降低。③与CK相比，不同配比施肥处理均可以提高柚木叶片的叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量，降低叶绿素a/b值，其中T5处理叶片叶绿素a和总叶绿素含量与CK差异达显著水平。④隶属函数法评价结果显示，5种配比施肥处理的肥料效应由大到小排序为T5>T3>T2>T1>T4。【结论】5种配比施肥处理均可促进柚木叶片对钙、镁、磷营养元素的吸收与累积，加快叶绿素的合成，促进柚木幼树生长量的增加，其中0.25 kg/株氮磷钾复合肥+1.5 kg/株钙镁磷肥为最佳肥料组合。 |
| 关键词: 柚木 配比施肥 养分累积 叶绿素合成 |
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| 基金项目:国家“十三五”重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0601100） |
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| Effects of proportioning fertilization on early growth and leaf nutrients of teak |
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ZHAO Weiwei,ZHOU Zaizhi,ZHANG Qingqing,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the effects of different fertilizer ratios on growth,leaf nutrients and chlorophyll content of young teak trees to provide references for determining appropriate fertilization program.【Method】Five fertilizer treatments of 0.25 kg/plant NPK compound fertilizer+0.25 kg/plant calcium-magnesium phosphate (T1),0.25 kg/plant calcium-magnesium phosphate+2.50 kg/plant organic fertilizer (T2),0.25 kg/plant NPK compound fertilizer+0.25 kg/plant magnesium oxide+10.00 g/plant boron fertilizer (T3),0.25 kg/plant NPK compound fertilizer (T4) and 0.25 kg/plant NPK compound fertilizer+1.50 kg/plant calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer (T5) were configured with no fertilizer treatment as control (CK).The changes of growth,leaf nutrients and chlorophyll content of young teak trees in different treatments were analyzed,and the effects of different fertilization treatments were comprehensively evaluated by the affiliation function method.【Result】① Compared with CK,different fertilization treatments increased the average increment of teak height,diameter at breast height and wood volume,among which T5 treatment was the best and increased average increment of teak height,diameter at breast height and wood volume by 44.81%,82.02% and 108.72%,respectively.② Compared with CK,there was no significant change in total N,total K and exchangeable Ca content of teak leaves in different treatments,while total P and exchangeable Mg contents in leaves were significantly increased and leaf N/P was significantly decreased.③ Compared with CK,different treatments increased chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll contents of teak leaves while decreased chlorophyll a/b value,among which chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll contents of T5 were significant different from CK.④The subordinate function method showed that the fertilizer effects of the five fertilizer ratios were in the descending order of T5>T3>T2>T1>T4.【Conclusion】All the test fertilization combinations could promote the growth and leaf nutrients of teak trees and the best was 0.25 kg/plant NPK compound fertilizer+1.5 kg/plant calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer. |
| Key words: teak proportional fertilization nutrient accumulation chlorophyll synthesis |
